The purpose of this report is to present a critical review of research and practice based knowledge about factors conductive to ”good functioning” of working groups in the light of the evolving and changing knowledge of developmental processes in groups. Conceptions of work group effectiveness are critically evaluated and new formulations presented. Factors such as two-way causality, theoretically

European countries have been receiving refugee children for decades with a recent peak in 2015/2016 (Crul 2017). Although the number of refugees currently arriving in Europe must be seen in proportion to the much higher percentage of refugees that remain in states outside European borders (Dryden-Peterson 2016), the inclusion of refugee children is perceived as a major challenge by policy makers a

Beyond conventional relief efforts, gaining a more detailed picture of constraints, resources and risks encountered by refugees as well as of the meaning differing circumstances have for the concerned individuals may serve as a basis for developing more organised and collective responses to ensure social security in conditions of forced displacement and migration.Syrian refugees live very diverse

Purpose:This paper aims to present an exploratory view of rural supply chain management (RSCM) and furthermore, to provide a framework to facilitate further study and research. The paper also identifies future research directions derived from the framework.Design/methodology/approach:Based on the limited literature in the field, this paper adopts an inductive approach using an interdisciplinary pa

Background: Previous studies from our and other centers on young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have indicated pro-atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries and in the lipid and systemic inflammatory profiles without a clear relationship between these changes and the hyperglycemic control. We have also earlier found in these patients a certain HLA-related genetic susceptibility to adver

Background: In neonates with critical pulmonary stenosis (CPS) or pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS), a nonrestrictive atrial septal defect (ASD) has been speculated to improve the initial clinical course after pulmonary valvotomy (PV) but some concerns exist in terms of its potentially longterm adverse effect on the right ventricle`s (RV) growth and persistent desaturation d

Diabetes is a collection of diseases characterized by defective glucose homeostasis. Different diabetes types have different etiologies and their genetic architecture ranges from highly penetrant monogenetic diseases, such as MODY and neonatal diabetes, to polygenic diseases, such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes that are caused by numerous genetic variants adding up to the individual risk. While bot

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are crucial components of various electrochemical devices. To function well they require both high chemical and mechanical robustness, as well as a sufficient hydroxide conductivity. However, due to the aggressive nature of the hydroxide ion, which causes polymer degradation, the applicability of AEMs is so far limited.1-2 As a consequence, a lot of effort is presen

Anion exchange membranes (AEM) are central materials in different energy storage and conversion devices such as alkaline fuel cells, electrolysers and flow batteries. The properties of the AEM therefore has a direct impact on the performance and life-time of the devices. As a polymeric electrolyte film that separates the two electrodes, the AEM is required to have good mechanical properties, high

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have received increasing attention as power sources in electric vehicles. In commercial LIBs, the electrolyte consists of lithium salts dissolved in flammable organic solvents, which raises safety concerns because catastrophic failure of LIBs often begins with the ignition of these solvents.1 Furthermore, these solvents have poor electrochemical stability, resulting in

Patients suffering from inflammatory conditions often present with severe hypovolemia due to vasodilatation and increased vascular permeability. Early administration of fluids is, therefore, a cornerstone and lifesaving therapy.However, a vigorous and aggressive fluid therapy increases tissue edema, worsen tissue perfusion and organ function. Based on this, the presented studies investigated diffe

BACKGROUND: Even though crystalloids are the first choice for fluid resuscitation in hemodynamically unstable patients, their potency as plasma volume expanders in hypovolemia of different etiologies is largely unknown. The objective of the study was to investigate dose-response curves of a crystalloid in hypovolemia induced by either sepsis or hemorrhagic shock.RESULTS: Rats were randomized to re