Inbreeding increases the level of homozygosity, which in turn might depress fitness. In addition, individuals having the same inbreeding coefficient (e.g. siblings) vary in homozygosity. The potential fitness effects of variation in homozygosity that is unrelated to the inbreeding coefficient have seldom been examined. Here, we present evidence from wild birds that genetic variation at five micros

During the last 10-15 years, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has become an important mode of treatment for patients suffering from grave ventricular arrhythmias, but ICD implantation involves psychosocial adjustments for both patients and relatives. The aim of this pilot study was to design a plan of education and to follow a selected group of patients with interviews, observation

Widespread lesions of forebrain cholinergic or noradrenergic projections by intraventricular administration of 192 IgG-saporin or 6-hydroxydopamine, respectively, accelerate kindling epileptogenesis. Here we demonstrate both quantitative and qualitative differences between the two lesions in their effects on hippocampal kindling in rats. Epileptogenesis was significantly faster after noradrenergic

The SAFE dynamic model was applied to a ''clean rain'' roof experiment performed within the EXMAN project. In the experiment ambient throughfall was removed and replaced with artificial ''clean throughfall''. Input of S, N and H to the forest ecosystem was reduced by 75-100%. The results of the modelling show, that the time scales of model predictions and experiments are the same. The change in ba

Diphenylphosphinoethylene methyl sulfide, Ph2PCH2CH2SMe, reacts with [Os3(CO)11(NCMe)] yielding [Os3(CO)11(Ph2PCH2CH2SMe)]. Treatment of [Os3(CO)10(NCMe)2] with 1 equiv of the P,S ligand initially yields the cluster 1,2-[Os3(CO)10(-Ph2PCH2CH2SMe)], in which the phosphine and the thioether moieties coordinate to different metal atoms of the metal triangle; addition of two or more equivalents of the

The degradation of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) using sodium persulfate (NaPS) as free radical generator was studied at 60, 70 and 80 degrees C with different NaPS/HEC ratios. During the degradation reaction samples were withdrawn at regular intervals. The amount of persulfate remaining was analyzed by titration and the evolution of the HEC molecular weight distribution and viscosity was followed

The radiation and total efficiencies, the amount of gas radiation from vapour and carbon dioxide and contribution from convective heat transfer for different operating conditions have been measured and modelled in an industrial gas heated IR dryer. Instrumentation to facilitate the measurement of the spectral distribution of the radiation heat fluxes in industrial infrared equipment has been devel

A number of anion-exchange adsorbents were constructed, employing nonporous silica fibers, and examined with the aim of describing factors that influence desorption and recovery of plasmid DNA (pDNA). The fibers were provided with ligands via adsorption of the polymeric amines poly(ethyleneimine) or chitosan, or via graft-polymerization of primary, tertiary, or quaternary amine monomers to vinyl-s

Transfer of N-15 between interacting mycelia of a wood-decomposing fungus (Hypholoma fasciculare) and an ectomycorrhizal fungus (Tomentellopsis submollis) was studied in a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest. The amount of N-15 transferred from the wood decomposer to the ectomycorrhizal fungus was compared to the amount of N-15 released from the wood-decomposing mycelia into the soil solution as

Abstract is not available

In Sweden, only a few empirical studies of couple therapy have been performed. This is the hitherto most comprehensive assessment of clinical treatment. Effectiveness of treatment is reported and compared with non-clinical ratings. Initially the couples displayed marital distress, many psychiatric symptoms, dyadic interactions characterized by high criticism and a low sense of coherence. In Sweden

The effects of ruthenium red, an inorganic dye with known capsaicin antagonist properties, was investigated in the rabbit eye. At a dose of 0.24 nmol ruthenium red inhibited the inflammatory effects of capsaicin (1 or 8 nmol). Unexpectedly, when the dye was injected in doses ranging from 0.24 to 7.4 nmol, it caused an inflammatory response with constriction of the pupil (miosis) and a breakdown of

Bayesian decision theory can be used to model animal behaviour. In this paper we give an overview of the theoretical concepts in such models. We also review the biological contexts in which Bayesian models have been applied, and outline some directions where future studies would be useful. Bayesian decision theory, when applied to animal behaviour, is based on the assumption that the individual ha

Cores of peat taken from two raised bogs in the near-coastal part of Halland, SW Sweden, were examined for their content of wind-transported clastic material. The Boarps Mosse core has a length of 262 cm and covers the last 2850 years (age model based on three radiocarbon dates), while the Hyltemossen core has a length of 347 cm and records the last 7000 years (age model based on eight radiocarbon

Two methods were used to synthesise [Ru-3(mu-H)(2)(mu(3)-PPh)-(CO)(7) (mu-dppm)] (3) (dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2), the subject of this paper. Treatment of [Ru-3(CO)(10)(mu-dppm)] (1) with phenylphosphane in refluxing THF gave both [Ru-3(mu-H)(2)(mu-PHPh)-(CO)(8)(mu-dppm)] (2) and [Ru-3(mu-H)(2)(mu(3)-PPh)(CO)(7)(mu-dppm)] (3). Cluster 2 converts to 3 in refluxing THF. Alternatively the phenylphosphinidene