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The impact of different carbon concentrations in the Al 0.06 Ga 0.94 N graded back-barrier and GaN buffer of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) is investigated. Four epi-wafers with different carbon concentrations, ranging from 1 × 10 17 to 5 × 10 17 cm −3 , were grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). HEMTs with 100 and 200 nm gate lengths were fabricated and characteriz

Research on proton exchange membranes (PEMs) is closely tied to the development of PEM fuel cells, and the need to overcome the shortcomings of perfluorosulfonic acid PEMs. One of the key challenges is to devise efficient molecular designs towards PEMs with sufficient durability and proton conductivity under reduced humidity. Here, we report on a series of partly fluorinated PEMs based on high-mol

In recent years, there has been a surge in the development of AI-based Software as a Medical Device (SaMD), particularly in visual specialties such as dermatology. In Australia, the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) regulates AI-based SaMD to ensure its safe use. Proper labelling of these devices is crucial to ensure that healthcare professionals and the general public understand how to use t

Spin-orbit coupling in noncentrosymmetric crystals leads to spin-momentum locking – a directional relationship between an electron’s spin angular momentum and its linear momentum. Isotropic orthogonal Rashba spin-momentum locking has been studied for decades, while its counterpart, isotropic parallel Weyl spin-momentum locking has remained elusive in experiments. Theory predicts that Weyl spin-mom

This doctoral thesis aims to investigate and compare conventional drying technologies (freeze-drying and spray drying) to alternative drying technologies for biologics. Vacuum foam-drying was identified as an alternative drying technology for biologics. Vacuum foam-drying is a drying technique that involves solvent removal by evaporation, at lowered pressure and ambient temperatures. Thus, vacuum

Purpose (the aim of the study): There is limited evidence on psychometric properties of EQ-5D-5L among people with osteoarthritis (OA) undertaking non-surgical treatment. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L among individuals with knee or hip OA participating in a digitally delivered education and exercise therapy.Methods: Secondary analysis of d

This study compared two different methods, the satellite altimetry-based and DEM (digital elevation model)-based, for estimating lake water volume changes. We focused on 34 lakes in China as the testing sites to compare the two methods for lake water volume changes from 2005 to 2020. The satellite altimetry-based method used water levels provided by the DAHITI (Database for Hydrological Time Serie

In this paper we discuss the pressing need for a just transition in one of our most environmentally and socially problematic contemporary industries: the fashion and textiles industry. We detail the current injustices in the industry, from both environmental and socio-economic standpoints, and then move on to providing some suggestions as to how these entrenched problems with the industry could be

Ethylene is one of the most important products in the emissions-intensive petrochemical industry. Decarbonizing the ethylene industry is thus important for achieving global carbon neutrality. This study is the first to explore future long-term zero-emissions production pathways for the ethylene industry in China, the world's biggest ethylene producer. An optimization model was built in the context

The Swedish retail landscape is currently undergoing a transformative change with increased digitalization and a rapidly growing e-commerce sector, which creates both opportunities and challenges. The development towards omnichannel commerce creates a more complex customer journey and results in complex environmental challenges. E-commerce deliveries to consumers, in particular, pose a complex soc

Objectives: To investigate the influence of genetic factors on persistence with treatment of early RA with MTX monotherapy. Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a sample of 3902 Swedish early-RA patients initiating MTX in DMARD monotherapy as their first-ever DMARD. The outcome, short-and long-Term MTX treatment persistence, was defined as remaining on MTX at 1 and at 3

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2 agonist with minimal impact on the haemodynamic profile. It is thought to be safer than morphine or stronger opioids, which are drugs currently used for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants. Dexmedetomidine is increasingly being used in children and infants despite not being licenced for analgesia in this group. Objectives: To determine the o

This article provides an introduction to the special issue on Mapping Shia Muslim Communities in Europe.1 With six empirically rich case studies on Shia Muslim communities in various European countries, this issue intends: first, to illustrate the historical developments and emergence of the Shia presence in Europe; second, to highlight the local particularities of the various Shia communities wit

This article discusses the conversion experiences as recalled by Irish women who converted to Islam during the so-called ‘Celtic-Tiger’ period—the years of Ireland’s dramatic economic boom and major socio-cultural transformations between 1995 and 2007. In this period, the increasing religious diversity of Irish society and the decline of the social authority of the Catholic Church facilitated the

The article focuses on a particular type of Islamic marriage, so-called imam marriages, which are not recognised by the Jordanian state but widely practised among and with Syrian refugees since their influx to Jordan in 2011. State institutions and feminist humanitarian organisations advocate a registration of these marriages on the basis of fulfilling UN conventions on gender and human rights pro