To use conventional ray tracing methods in Monte Carlo simulation of the collimator in a scintillation camera system can be time consuming. It is however necessary to take collimator interactions into account when simulating radionuclides emitting high-energy photons that can penetrate the septa in the collimator. In this work a statistical collimator algorithm, based on the Delta-Scattering metho

Rainflow cycles are often used in fatigue analysis of materials for describing the variability of applied loads. Therefore, an important characteristic of a random load process is the intensity of rainflow cycles, also called the expected rainflow matrix (RFM), which can be used for evaluation of the fatigue life. In this thesis mainly two problems are addressed: the first is computation of the ex

We previously identified matrilin-2 (MATN2), the largest member of the novel family of matrilins. These filament-forming adapter proteins expressed in a distinct, but partially overlapping, pattern in all tissues were implicated in the organization of the extracellular matrix. Matrilin-2 functions in a great variety of tissues. Here, we present the genomic organization of the highly conserved mous

LTD4 induces a calcium signal that consists of a mobilization from internal stores regulated by PTX-insensitive G protein, Rho, and, an influx across the plasma membrane regulated by PTX-sensitive Gi protein in human intestinal epithelial cells. The LTD4 induced mobilization of Ca2+ is mediated by a PH domain dependent association between PLC-gamma 1 and G beta gamma subunits. This interaction req

This chapter is “typological” in two senses: Whereas the first section considers some of the sounds and sound patterns of Swedish from a universal-typological point of view, the second section discusses the considerable phonetic variability observed across the various dialects of the language. It is argued that, with some exceptions, Swedish is typologically fairly mainstream. Exceptions concern p

The small nuclear genome of the pufferfish, Fugu rubripes (order Tetraodontiformes), makes this species highly interesting for genome research. In order to establish the phylogenetic position of the Tetraodontiformes relative to other teleostean orders that might also have a reduced nuclear genome size, we have sequenced the mitochondrial (mt) genome of the pufferfish. The gene order, nucleotide c

Background Multiple sclerosis ( MS) is a common disease with considerable risk for disability. Optic neuritis ( ON) is a common first symptom of MS but it can also remain an isolated episode. Therefore, predicting the outcome of ON has gained in importance, particularly in light of current discussions of early disease modifying treatments in individuals at risk of developing MS. We reported previo

Late Ordovician jawed polychaete (Annelida) faunas from the type Cincinnatian region in the tri-state area of Indiana, Ohio. and Kentucky, North America, are discussed on the basis of an extensive and unique collection of more than 50,000 well-preserved scolecodonts. Approximately 40 to 50 multi-element species belonging to a dozen families are identified. Scolecodonts of polychaetes with prionogn

Coupled cluster methods are compared to multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory in a study of the high spin d(x)s(2) -> d(x+1)s(1) excitations in first, second, and third row transition metals. Large basis sets of the atomic natural orbital type are used. Scalar relativistic effects are included using the Douglas-Kroll-Hess Hamiltonian. The effect of spin-orbit coupling is demonstrat

Popular Abstract in Swedish I tider av samhällsförändringar uppträder nya organisationer. De är beroende av att mobilisera resurser från en omgivning som präglas av en gammal ordning. De måste då anpassa sig för att överleva. I denna process är härmandet en central mekanism. Nya organisationer lär sig att överleva genom att härma sin omgivning. Detta leder i sin tur till att de tenderar att bli alNew organizations emerge in times of social change. Their survival depends on their ability to mobilize resources in an environment defined by an old order, and thus they must adapt to it. Since new organizations learn how to adapt by mimicking already succesful organizations, their structure tend to become increasingly similar to the structure of those organizations. The thesis tells the story of

Since the mid 1960s sugar planters in Thailand have formed some of the strongest farmers associations in Asia. Organising practically all sugar planters, these associations have over the years successfully negotiated with sugar mill owners and with the state. They have achieved a system of revenue sharing in the cane and sugar industry which protects them from the vagaries of fluctuations in world

Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in cell cultures is generally studied in a medium, such as artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with an ion composition similar to that of the extracellular fluid of the normal brain (2 to 4 mmol/L K+, 2 to 3 mmol/L Ca2+; pH 7.4). Because the distribution of ions across cell membranes dramatically shifts during ischemia, the authors exposed mouse organotypic h

Objective: To investigate the effects of cold storage and vinegar addition on glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to a potato meal in healthy subjects. Subjects and setting: A total of 13 healthy subjects volunteered for the study, and the tests were performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Experimental design and test meals: The study included four meals; fresh

Two novel antifungal agents belonging to the sordarin family have been isolated from fermentations of Sordaria araneosa by bioassay-guided purification and their structures elucidated by NMR techniques. Neosordarin (1) is closely related to the recently discovered hypoxysordarin (2), with only small differences on the aliphatic side chain acylating the hydroxyl in the 3'-position of the sordarose

The pancreatic islets are richly innervated by autonomic nerves. The islet parasympathetic nerves emanate from intrapancreatic ganglia, which are controlled by preganglionic vagal nerves. The islet sympathetic nerves are postganglionic with the nerve cell bodies located in ganglia outside the pancreas. The sensory nerves originate from dorsal root ganglia near the spinal cord. Inside the islets, n

The reaction mechanism of propane ammoxidation was studied on an Al-Sb-V-W-oxide catalyst using a TAP-2 reactor system. Analyses of the responses from both high-speed pulse transients with reactants and TPD experiments were performed. Since the ammoxidation process with three reactants proceeds from propane to acrylonitrile over propylene as an intermediate, the experiments comprised oxidation of