Filtyp
Wildfires are a global problem that can require the application of fire-fighting chemicals for combating them. These compounds can have negative effects on forest ecosystems; however, there are few studies about their influence on the soil microbial community. The aim of this work is to analyse under field conditions the impact of a prescribed fire and the addition at normal field doses of three d
Interaction between the nomadic Saami and Germanic- speaking farmers in the northern part of Sweden is often seen as an intra-Scandinavian south-north phenomenon. In this paper, some artefacts from regions of the Baltic-Finnic Ves’ and mixed populations of Kievan Rus’ found in Norr- land are brought into the discussion. The first artefacts observed are two war axes of a suggested Kievan Rus’ origi
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with a prevalence of ≈1% of general population. Available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have multiple side effects and are ineffective in 30% of patients. Therefore, development of effective treatment strategies is highly needed, requiring drug-screening models that are relevant and reliable. We investigated novel chemogenetic approach, using DREADDs (designer rece
Svensk sammanfattningEfter mer än 50 år av utforskande av rymden och studier av ett växande antal kända nedslagskratrar på jorden så har bildandet av nedslagskratrar utvecklats från att anses vara en sällsynt geologisk företeelse till en fundamental del av jordens, och solsystemets, historia.I dag vet vi att nedslagskratrar är en av de vanligaste landformerna på himlakroppar i inre solsystemet, saImpact cratering was once considered a rare geological process of no, or little, importance to the evolution of the Solar System and planet Earth. After more than 50 years of space exploration and the discovery of numerous (~190 as of October 2016) impact structures on Earth, this view has changed, and it is now clear that impact craters are in fact one of the most common morphological features on
The paper reports on an exploratory study of researchers’ needs for effective research data management at two Swedish universities, conducted in order to inform the ongoing development of research data services. Twelve researchers from diverse fields have been interviewed, including biology, cultural studies, economics, environmental studies, geography, history, linguistics, media and psychology.
Sense of Coherence (SOC) measures an individual's positive, or salutogenic, orientation toward her/his capacities, environment, future, and life. SOC comprises three factors: comprehensibility (the sense of one's own life as ordered and understandable); manageability (the perception of available resources and skills to manage stressors); and meaningfulness (the overall sense that life is filled wi
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The disease course of acute pancreatitis (AP) ranges from mild and self-limiting to severe inflammation, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. At present, there are no universally accepted and reliable predictors for severity. Microproteinuria has been associated with the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome as well as trauma, although its associa
Ljus består av elektromagnetiska vågor som pulserar genom universum med olika frekvenser. Vanligt ljus, som det som kommer från solen och från våra lampor, innehåller ett spektrum av många olika frekvenser. De olika vågornas toppar och dalar svänger inte heller i takt, utan är förskjutna i förhållande till varandra. I laserljus däremot, svänger alla vågor samtidigt upp och ner och med samma frekveThis thesis adresses modeling of quantum cascade lasers using non-equilibrium Green’s functions. Focus lies on the quantitative modeling of the gain when the systems are exposed to strong laser fields, as under realistic opertional conditions. In the first part, an introduction to the general concepts is provided, together with a discussion on approximate analytic expressions. The second part cons
ABSTRACT. For programs that aim to promote forest conservation and poverty alleviation, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), the participation of indigenous communities is essential to meet program goals. Using Ostrom's theory of collective action for common pool resource management, we evaluated the institutions governing indigenous participation in the Pr
Xenograft studies indicate that some solid tumors and leukemias are organized as cellular hierarchies sustained by cancer stem cells (CSCs). Despite the promise of the CSC model, its relevance in humans remains uncertain. Here we show that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) follows a CSC model on the basis of sorting multiple populations from each of 16 primary human AML samples and identifying which co
BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic syndromes are clinically heterogeneous disorders characterized by clonal hematopoiesis, impaired differentiation, peripheral-blood cytopenias, and a risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Somatic mutations may influence the clinical phenotype but are not included in current prognostic scoring systems.METHODS: We used a combination of genomic approaches, includin
Though many individual transcription factors are known to regulate hematopoietic differentiation, major aspects of the global architecture of hematopoiesis remain unknown. Here, we profiled gene expression in 38 distinct purified populations of human hematopoietic cells and used probabilistic models of gene expression and analysis of cis-elements in gene promoters to decipher the general organizat
The frequencies of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in samples of human tissue have been difficult to determine accurately ex vivo, particularly for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis or type 1 diabetes. Conventional approaches involve the expansion of primary T cells in vitro to increase the numbers of cells, and a subsequent assessment of the frequencies of antigen-specific T cells in t
Ocean acidification (OA) describes a change in the ocean's carbonate chemistry. Whereas its chemical processes are largely understood, the biological and socioeconomic consequences particularly in relation to fisheries are less known. Norway is a major fishing nation worldwide and is potentially affected by OA. To improve the understanding of the socioeconomic consequences of OA, we conducted a ri
CD8(+) T cells in chronic viral infections such as HIV develop functional defects including loss of interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and decreased proliferative potential that are collectively termed 'exhaustion'. Exhausted T cells express increased amounts of multiple inhibitory receptors, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1), that contribute to impaired virus-specific T cell function. Although revers
Haemophilia A. Thirty-one pregnant women, obligate or probable carriers of haemophilia A, requested prenatal diagnosis if sex determination showed the foetus to be a male. In 11 of the 31 cases the foetuses were females; in two, the genetic variant of the disease rendered prenatal diagnosis impossible; and in two, the mother aborted spontaneously. From the remaining 16 male foetuses, blood samples
