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Radiation exposure of human populations in villages in Russia and Belarus affected by fallout from the Chernobyl reactor
Popular Abstract in Swedish Människan har alltid exponerats för joniserande strålning från radioaktiva ämnen i naturen och i sin egen kropp, samt från kosmisk strålning. Summan av exponeringen från dessa strålkällor blir ungefär 1 mSv per år. Till detta kommer exponering av lungor och luftvägar från radon och radondöttrar, särskilt i inomhusluft. Som jämförelse kan nämnas att en tandröntgen ger enA quarter of a century has elapsed since the catastrophe at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl. The radioactive fallout affected all the European countries and most severely the three countries of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. In the aftermath of this devastating event, the scientific knowledge on the various radiological impacts of such a large scale accident and means to remediate these impacts
The impact of indoor residual spraying on malaria incidence in East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Background: In Ethiopia, nearly 70% of the population resides in areas prone to malaria infection. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of indoor residual spraying (IRS) on the incidence of malaria in East Shoa Zone of Ethiopia. Methods: Data from the registers of malaria cases at Debrezeit Malaria Control Center in East Shoa Zone of Ethiopia were collected and analyzed. Records o
The volume-expanding effects of autologous liquid stored plasma following hemorrhage.
Background: Plasma use has increased since studies have suggested that early treatment with blood components in trauma with severe hemorrhage may improve outcome. Plasma is also commonly used to correct coagulation disturbances in non-bleeding patients. Little is known about the effects of plasma transfusion on plasma volume. We report a prospective interventional study in which the plasma volume-
Chirality, a never-ending source of confusion
In this Discussion a few points of confusion concerning chirality are clarified. The term chirodescriptive is proposed for such space groups that lack inversion centres, reflection planes, glide planes or rotary-inversion axes and thus can contain enantiopure, chiral objects. It is pointed out that chiral compounds can (and often do) crystallise in non-chirodescriptive space group when they occur
Effects of Research Funding, Gender and Type of Position on Research Collaboration Networks: A Micro-level Study of Cancer Research at Lund University
The aim of this study is to analyse the extent of which different types of research funding, gender and type of position have an effect on the size and density of research collaboration networks. The material consists of 3,306 documents by scientists doing cancer research at Lund University, indexed in the Web of Science databases. The author and address fields were analysed, by studying frequenci
Institutions, smart specialisation dynamics and policy
Smart specialisation features prominently in the European regional policy context. This paper discusses how the configuration of the regional institutional framework affects smart specialisation dynamics and policy. It elaborates why and how institutional diversity and integration promote entrepreneurial discovery processes, spillovers and agglomeration effects, and thereby structural change in re
Selective, Green Synthesis of Six-Membered Cyclic Carbonates by Lipase-Catalyzed Chemospecific Transesterification of Diols with Dimethyl Carbonate
A facile and green synthesis of six-membered cyclic carbonates, the potential monomers for isocyanate-free polyurethanes and polycarbonates, was achieved by transesterification of diols with dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B, Novozym (R) 435, followed by thermal cyclization in a solvent-free medium. The difference in the chemospecificity of the lipase for the
Spermatozoa DNA damage measured by sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and birth characteristics in children conceived by IVF and ICSI.
High levels of spermatozoa DNA damage hinder fertility in vivo but not in vitro. It is a source of worry that following in vitro fertilization (IVF) spermatozoa DNA damage, if not repaired by the oocyte, might have a negative impact on the offspring. The aim of this study was to assess if a high spermatozoa DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) is associated with alterations in birthweight (BW) and/or ges
Does easily accessible nutritional labelling increase consumption of healthy meals away from home? A field experiment measuring the impact of a point-of-purchase healthy symbol on lunch sales
This paper analyses the effect on meal consumption away from home of a point-of-purchase healthy symbol. We base the analysis on a field experiment in a lunch restaurant. Our results suggest that meal consumption does not increase if the meal is labelled with a healthy symbol. Also, the mean nutritional content of meals consumed seems unaffected by the introduction of a healthy-labelled meal on th
Exploring the Everyday Branded Retail Experience-The Consumer Quest for ‘Homeyness’ in Branded Grocery Stores
This paper extends theories of retail branding and consumer experience of retail stores by bringing consumer culture theory into the field of retailing. Using ethnographic data collection methods (photo-diaries, participant observations, long interviews, artifact collections) we studied the grocery shopping habits and life at home among Swedish middle-class working women with children. The analysi
Application of a 5-tiered scheme for standardized classification of 2,360 unique mismatch repair gene variants in the InSiGHT locus-specific database.
The clinical classification of hereditary sequence variants identified in disease-related genes directly affects clinical management of patients and their relatives. The International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT) undertook a collaborative effort to develop, test and apply a standardized classification scheme to constitutional variants in the Lynch syndrome-associated g
New printing technology and pricing
This case study analyzes five Swedish printing houses' pricing with respect to their investments in new printing technology. The new printing technology made it possible for the printing houses to market new products and services to meet the demand for shorter delivery times and full service solutions. Although this demand was apparent, the printing houses' opportunities to capitalize on their inv
Stromal Expression of β-Arrestin-1 Predicts Clinical Outcome and Tamoxifen Response in Breast Cancer.
The G-protein coupled receptor associated protein β-arrestin-1 is crucial for the regulation of numerous biological processes involved in cancer progression, such as intracellular signaling and cell motility. The encoding gene ARRB1 is harbored in the same chromosomal region as the CCND1 gene (11q13). Amplification of CCND1, frequently encountered in breast cancer, often involves coamplification o
Plasma Membrane Abundance of Human Aquaporin 5 Is Dynamically Regulated by Multiple Pathways.
Aquaporin membrane protein channels mediate cellular water flow. Human aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is highly expressed in the respiratory system and secretory glands where it facilitates the osmotically-driven generation of pulmonary secretions, saliva, sweat and tears. Dysfunctional trafficking of AQP5 has been implicated in several human disease states, including Sjögren's syndrome, bronchitis and cystic
Global expression of AMACR transcripts predicts risk for prostate cancer - a systematic comparison of AMACR protein and mRNA expression in cancerous and noncancerous prostate.
The high false negative rates for initial prostate biopsies refer a large number of the men for repeat biopsies each year. Therefore, biomarkers associated with high risk of the presence of malignancy in histologically benign biopsies could provide a tool to discriminate the patients who need repeat biopsy or intensive follow-up from those who do not. Here we examined the diagnostic applicability
The battleground of two Infections and a cancer: Human Papilloma Virus, premalignant lesions of the cervix and their interaction with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in southwestern Nigeria
Popular Abstract in English An increased risk of pre-cancer lesions of the cervix among HIV-infected women, and the positive impact of HIV treatment on its outcome has been reported globally. However there is paucity of information from west Africa with genetically distinct viral strains. Considering that HIV strains differ in the rate and pattern of HIV disease progression, a different outcome isBackground: The highest numbers of HIV-infected women are in sub- Saharan Africa, where the natural progression of HIV disease in the absence of treatment results in death before the onset of invasive cervical cancer. With improved access to treatment, several studies outside West Africa demonstrated an increased risk of pre-invasive cervical lesions among HIV-infected women and the positive impac
A Monte Carlo EM algorithm for discretely observed Diffusions, Jump-diffusions and Lévy-driven Stochastic Differential Equations
Stochastic differential equations driven by standard Brownian motion(s) or Lévy processes are by far the most popular models in mathematical finance, but are also frequently used in engineering and science. A key feature of the class of models is that the parameters are easy to interpret for anyone working with ordinary differential equations, making connections between statistics and other scient
Band structure of core-shell semiconductor nanowires
We have calculated band structures for strained core-shell nanowires involving all combinations of AlN, GaN, and InN, as well as all combinations of AlP, GaP, AlAs, GaAs, InP, InAs, AlSb, GaSb, and InSb, as functions of core and shell radii. This gives 78 combinations, most of which have not been experimentally realized, and provides a quite complete overview of which interesting structures can be
Effects of cereal breakfasts on postprandial glucose, appetite regulation and voluntary energy intake at a subsequent standardized lunch; focusing on rye products
Background Rye products have been demonstrated to lower the acute insulin demand, induce a low and prolonged blood glucose response (high Glycemic Profile, GP) and reduce subclinical inflammation. These products may therefore contribute to a lowered risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardio vascular disease. The objective of the present paper was to evaluate the mechanism for a reduced postprand