En nyfödd stjärna är omgiven av en disk som består till mestadels av gas med en liten andel grus, en så kallad protoplanetarisk disk. Det är i den här disken som planeter bildas, och likt planeter så roterar den runt solen. En viktig egenskap hos den protoplanetariska disken är att den förändras med tiden. Stjärnans gravitation drar till sig material från disken, vilken gör att den blir mindre ochThe rate of migration and accretion onto protoplanets is greatly influenced by the structure of the surrounding protoplanetary disc. This structure changes with time as the disc evolves on a million year timescale, implying that the process of planet formation might look very different depending on when it was initiated. Further on, the evolution of the disc structure is affected on smaller timesc

In an integrated world economy, innovation is considered one of the main catalysts for economic development and growth. To stimulate the very and enable technological change, innovators need to be granted the rights to their own creations. The Word Trade Organization therefore implemented the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights in 1995 among all its member states, wi

Vi har alla varit med om det när vi stått och rört runt med skeden i morgonkaffet. De fantastiska, komplexa mönster som uppträder när grädden blandar sig med det mörka kaffet, efterhand som vi rör runt med skeden. Även om du kanske själv aldrig har reflekterat över det så är den här typen av mixning och blandningsförlopp, komplexa fenomen som studerats av och sysselsatt forskare, vetenskapsmän ochMixing in millimeter scale applications faces completely different challenges compared with the macro scale. A thorough understanding of the physics and mass conservation principles that are affecting the fluid dynamics, are therefore key for development and successful implementation of mixers, in an existing process. Only relying on molecular diffusion for molecules with very low diffusivities ca

CERN operates the most complex particle accelerator facility built until today. As such, it consists of thousands of custom-made components spread both in upper ground facilities and in underground tunnels and caverns. Several different hazards, including fire, are present in these facilities and need to be reduced to a tolerable level; in particular, fire safety often requires the application of

The ongoing climate change has affected Greenland's ice sheet with heighten near surface temperatures, an extended melt season and change in precipitation. These effects have caused Greenland's ice sheet to melt at an accelerating rate. This study focuses on the importance of large scale extreme precipitation to the surface mass balance of Greenland. The surface mass balance of Greenland

Uppskattningsvis kommer det år 2020 att finnas fler än 20 miljarder uppkopplade produkter runt om i världen. Hårdvarukomponenter blir allt mindre och mikroprocessorer och kommunikationsmoduler kan hittas i alla möjliga produkter. Inom mjukvaruutvecklingen blir röstassistenter mer intelligenta för var dag som går och smarta högtalare presenteras som en naturlig del av människors framtida smarta hemIt is estimated that in 2020 there will be more than 20 billion connected devices around the world. Hardware keeps getting smaller and microprocessors and communications modules can be found in all manner of products. On the software side, voice assistants are getting more intelligent by the day, with smart speakers being promoted as a natural part of people’s future homes. However, for these prod

För att kunna bygga ut samhället har transportinfrastruktur ansetts ha en mycket viktig roll. Den ökade tillgängligheten medför att mark kan utvecklas på ett samhällsnyttigt sätt, till exempel genom att det byggs fler bostäder. Det är genom att tillgängligheten ökar som transportinfrastruktur leder till att värdet på närliggande mark ökar, vilket blir ett incitament för markägare att exploatera siSince 2009 Swedish municipalities can contribute economically to infrastructural projects conducted by the national government. To better enable municipalities to fund state projects the act of co-financial reimbursement was passed in April of 2017. This new amendment means that municipalities now are able to extract co-financial reimbursement in conjunction with entering a land development agreem

Tänk dig att två musikanter ska öva ett musikstycke tillsammans. De kan var sin del för sitt instrument, men de har aldrig spelat tillsammans. Nu är det så att musikanterna sitter i två olika rum och inte kan höra eller se varandra under inspelningen, utan de kan bara höra slutresultatet. Det låter såklart inte alls bra och kommer krävas många försök innan de börjar bli samspelta. När musikerna fåIn this thesis a new method for the numerical solution of coupled systems of ordinary differential equations is investigated. To understand this new method, the workings of existing Waveform iteration methods, in particular the Jacobi and Gauß-Seidel methods were explored first. These methods were introduced to be able to exploit multirate behaviour in systems and use an iterative procedure to suc

The thesis purpose is to determine how people’s evacuation performance is affected by carrying weight while performing a stair-climbing motion. The fire safety engineering and physiology fields are merged to increase the knowledge regarding ascending evacuation. A laboratory experiment was conducted, in which participants performed three different sessions; during the first session, participants p

Syfte: Uppsatsen avser att undersöka hur konsumenten uppfattar trovärdighet i förhållande till talespersoner i kontexten av en reklamfilm och företagets varumärke. Detta för att komma med ett teoretiskt kunskapsbidrag inom det teoretiska ämnet The Source Credibility Theory. Teoretiska perspektiv: Uppsatsen tar utgångspunkt ur The Source Credibility Theory med inriktning på The Source Credibility M

The coexisting rise of China and Central European economies in the early 2000s as respectively the “Factory of the World” and the “Factory of Europe” raises the question whether Central Europe has either benefited from, or been harmed by the rise of China. This thesis therefore investigates the impact of the China shock on employment levels in Central Europe between 2000 and 2014. Using the WIOD 2

The legislation concerning narcotics was introduced in Sweden in 1968, and it has come to change multiple times since. The purpose of the legislation though remains the same; Swedish politics’ goal is a society free from narcotics, and the government has condemned a zero tolerance towards narcotic substances. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the bridge between social and legal

A bidirectional serial link on-chip implementation is going to be assessed so as to set the option of using it as a replacement of the actual parallel interconnection used to transfer data between different memory banks in an embedded low-power memory unit. Asynchronous communication is the protocol selected and current mode pulse signaling is the technique used to transfer data. A 32-bit data pacElectronic devices play an important role in different aspects of our daily lives. We are surrounded by gadgets that possess a lot of features and in order to make this possible, the integration of different systems within a single chip is necessary. The development of new technologies and innovation in circuit design are required in order to be able to increase the functionalities of a chip, opti

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the socio-cultural and economic norms and practices that influence the knowledge and use of contraceptives and family planning services. To go further, we explore the role of media and the impact of attitudes towards domestic violence. Focusing on Cameroon and Malawi, we review the economic development and evolution of key indicators of Sexual and Repr

Syftet med uppsatsen är att, med hänsyn till den gröna konsumtionen, undersöka vilka medel livsmedelsföretag kan arbeta med för att ompositionera sitt varumärke. Med syfte att få lågengagemangsprodukter att generera ett högre engagemang hos konsumenten utan att förändra den befintliga produkten. Metoden i uppsatsen är kvalitativ fallstudie i sitt naturliga sammanhang med induktiv ansats. Fyra cent

Drawing from 17 rounds of harmonised census data, this paper explores the link between climate variability and internal migration across six Sub-Saharan African countries. This study uses high-resolution precipitation and temperature data to construct two sets of measures capturing climate variability, the intensity of climate anomalies and the exposure to climate extremes. Two complementary hypot

Supply Chain Management (SCM) has increasingly become the focus of many organisations in a vast array of industries. However, due to external environment pressures and the multitude of internal management options, firms experience difficulties in determining how to best manage a supply chain in order to create a competitive advantage and enable higher organisational performance. This thesis aims t

Alongside the emerging field of immunotherapy, with monoclonal antibody drugs at the forefront, radically reshaping medicine, the need for process and technology improvements that can lower drug development costs and bring better drugs to the market faster is increasing. One such process improvement being fast and efficient cloning strategies which enable moving into high-throughput formats. Tradi

Interneurons have been found to be important for normal cognitive function. Impairments to their growth or signaling have been indicated to be involved in the development of schizophrenia, autism and epilepsy. Defective functioning in GABA:ergic interneurons has been linked to undesired desynchronous firing in neural signals as a consequence of these interneurons firing too infrequently or not at