In this paper we introduce the concept of bi-automaton algebras, generalizing the automaton algebras previously defined by Ufnarovski. A bi-automaton algebra is a quotient of the free algebra, defined by a binomial ideal admitting a Grobner basis which can be encoded as a regular set; we call such a Grobner basis regular. We give several examples of bi-automaton algebras, and show how automata con

I allt fler länder börjar en brandteknisk klassificering av byggnadsdelar tillåtas som bygger på en analytisk behandlning i stället för på resultat av ugnprovningar enligt ISO834. I Sverige godtas sedan lång tid en analytisk brandteknisk dimensionering av bärande och avskiljande konstruktioner som ett alternativ till standardiserad termisk påverkan enligt ISO 834. En väsentlig förutsättning för en

In an accidental shooting, a man in his late forties was hit in his left shoulder region by about 60 lead pellets from a shotgun. He had injuries to the vessels, the clavicle, muscles, and nerves, with total paralysis of the left arm due to axonal injury. After several surgical revisions and temporary cover with split skin, reconstructive surgery was carried out 54 days after the accident. The bra

A modular mannanase (Man26A) from the bacterium Cellulomonas fimi contains a mannan-binding module (Man26Abm) that binds to soluble but not to insoluble mannans. Man26Abm does not bind to cellulose, chitin or xylan. The Kd for binding of Man26Abm to locust bean gum (LBG) is ~0.2 μM. Man26A is the first mannanase reported to contain a mannan-binding module.

We have analysed the thermionic current over a potential barrier between a hot and a cold metallic wire, in the absence of an externally applied electric field. Because of the quantum nature of the transmission probability and the temperature behaviour of the Fermi distribution function, under proper conditions the thermionic electric current reverses its direction. However, the heat current remai

A hospital survey of adult reconstructive urologic surgery in the Nordic countries is presented. The response rate was 80% and included most general hospitals and university clinics. Despite similarities between the healthcare systems of the various countries several differences were found. Cystectomy was performed in a large number of institutions in all countries except Denmark. The annual numbe

Particle separation is one of the fundamental processes in wastewater treatment and a good understanding of the basic separation mechanisms ? sedimentation, flotation and filtration ? is critical in the design of wastewater treatment systems. Upgrading of treatment plants for enhanced primary treatment and effluent polishing are current examples of applications where effective, high-rate separatio

HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) is a complex between α-lactalbumin and oleic acid that induces apoptosis in tumor cells, but not in healthy cells. Heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to determine the structure of 13C-oleic acid in HAMLET, and to study the 15N-labeled protein. Nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy shows that the two

Level schemes of Cd-99(48)51 and In-101(49)52 nuclei have been extended to high spin. The breakup of the doubly magic Sn-100 core has been observed. Large-scale shell model calculations based on realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions are in good agreement with the experimental data. These results provide a reliable basis to predict nuclear structure properties in Sn-100 and its neighbors. For exam

We investigate international monetary-policy transmission under different exchange-rate and capital-account regimes in eleven small, open economies during the 1980s and 1990s. We find no systematic link between ex-post monetary-policy autonomy and exchange-rate regimes. Capital controls appear to have provided a degree of temporal insulation from foreign monetary policy shocks, though not strict a

Background: Laquinimod is a novel immunomodulatory substance developed as an orally available disease modifying treatment in multiple sclerosis ( MS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate safety, tolerability, and efficacy on MRI lesions of two different doses of laquinimod compared with placebo in patients with relapsing MS. Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial, patie

A recent study of adenylate kinase reveals that conformational dynamics in control product release and determine the rate-limiting step in the overall catalytic reaction.

Combined convective and radiative heat transfer governs the heat load on the combustor wall. This paper reviews engineering simplified models and more advanced ones. The latter ones are based on CFD approaches and a variety of methods to solve the radiative transfer equation. The principles of heat transfer in the combustor including the cooling aspects are briefly described. Details of the advanc