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Essays on Societal Cost of Alcohol and Related Issues - A Health Economic Analysis

The consumption of alcoholic beverages has wide effects, for example, causes premature mortality, prevents certain heart diseases, increases crime rates, and affects quality of life. The main problems with alcohol consumption from an economic point of view are lack of information for consumers when making consumption decisions, externalities, and the addictive nature. It is expected that this resu

Quantum-mechanical studies of reactions performed by cytochrome P450 enzymes

We review density functional theory studies of various types of reactions performed by the cytochrome P450 family of enzymes. We describe the various reactions on equal footing with an emphasisis on models to predict sites of metabolism for an arbitrary molecule. The activation barriers range between 0 and 109 kJ/mol, depending more on the atoms surrounding the reactive site than on the type of re

Industrial Robot Skills

When robots are working in dynamic environments, close to humans lacking extensive knowledge of robotics, there is a strong need to simplify the user interaction and make the system execute as autonomously as possible. For industrial robots working side-by-side with humans in manufacturing industry, AI systems are necessary to lower the demand on programming time and expertise. One central conce

The predictive value of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA and PTEN for anti-EGFR treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background. In metastatic colorectal cancer, mutation testing for KRAS exon 2 is widely implemented to select patients with wild-type tumors for treatment with the monocloncal anti-EGFR antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. The added predictive value of additional biomarkers in the RAS-RAF-MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways in colorectal cancer is uncertain, which led us to systematically review the

Planning Rescue Services with Non-Stationary Rescue Units

Geographical accessibility is fundamental when planning rescue services. At present there are several programs for computing the accessibility of stationary rescue units. This study suggests a method for evaluating geographic accessibility in scenarios containing also non-stationary units. The method supports the planning process by matching the risk of an incident occurring with the rescue units’

Influence of polymorphic metabolic enzymes on biotransformation and effects of diphenylmethane diisocyanate.

Objectives To identify effect modification produced by genetic traits found in metabolic enzymes, to investigate how these affect the levels of different biomarkers of sprayed and thermo-degraded polyurethane (PUR) based on 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and to determine how associated respiratory disorders are affected. Methods Two partly overlapping groups of 141 and 158 factory employe

AGR and V2

In this communication, we add another piece of evidence in favor of a parametric split to do with AGR (Holmberg 2010) between Insular (ISc) and Mainland Scandinavian (MSc); the extended possibility of non-subject fronting in embedded clauses, here referred to as Extended verb second (xV2), available in ISc, unavailable in MSc. By adding this phenomenon to the list of AGR-related differences betwee

Automatic processing of unattended lexical information in visual oddball presentation: neurophysiological evidence.

Previous electrophysiological studies of automatic language processing revealed early (100-200 ms) reflections of access to lexical characteristics of speech signal using the so-called mismatch negativity (MMN), a negative ERP deflection elicited by infrequent irregularities in unattended repetitive auditory stimulation. In those studies, lexical processing of spoken stimuli became manifest as an

Probability plots and order statistics of the standard extreme value distribution

A comparison between the ordinary least-squares estimator and the weighted least-squares estimator when the data set arises from the standard extreme value distribution is provided. Probability plot of the extreme value distribution is applied. A goodness-of-fit test of the standard extreme value distribution is introduced. The percentage points of the test statistic are investigated. The results

Cantilever-like micromechanical sensors

The field of cantilever-based sensing emerged in the mid-1990s and is today a well-known technology for label-free sensing which holds promise as a technique for cheap, portable, sensitive and highly parallel analysis systems. The research in sensor realization as well as sensor applications has increased significantly over the past 10 years. In this review we will present the basic modes of opera

The Economy and Money in Three Recent Mission Documents

While economic issues are not usually much debated in theology, three recent mission documents (The Cape Town Commitment, Together Towards Life and Evangelii Gaudium) have directly addressed them, criticising globalised capitalism more or less sharply and explicitly. However, all three lack transparency in that possible analysis which might provide foundation for the statements made is not visible

ON GMM KALMAN PREDICTIVE CODING OF LSFS FOR PACKET LOSS

Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-based Kalman predictive coders have been shown to perform better than baseline GMM Recursive Coders in predictive coding of Line Spectral Frequencies (LSFs) for both clean and packet loss conditions However, these stationary GMM Kalman predictive coders were not specifically designed for operation in packet loss conditions. In this paper, we demonstrate an approach to

Gayted Communities : Marginalized Sexualities in Lebanon

This dissertation offers a unique examination of Muslim masculinities and marginalized sexualities in Lebanon, and is a contribution to the growing body of gay and lesbian studies with a focus on Muslims living in The Middle East. It contributes to the theoretical and methodological development of Islamic studies by introducing and using a queer approach to study marginalized sexualities in relati

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As far back as the Early Modern period, Swedish Reformation centenaries were exploited politically. Instead of Martin Luther, the liberation from Denmark (1521) and the Declaration of the Swedish Reformation (1593) were celebrated. From 1817 and 1830, Reformation centenaries were celebrated in a more continental form, but the Confessio Augustana-Celebration was combined with the clebration of Swed