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Efficient methods for Gaussian Markov random fields under sparse linear constraints

Methods for inference and simulation of linearly constrained Gaussian MarkovRandom Fields (GMRF) are computationally prohibitive when the number ofconstraints is large. In some cases, such as for intrinsic GMRFs, they may even beunfeasible. We propose a new class of methods to overcome these challenges in the common case of sparse constraints, where one has a large number of constraints and each o

Liftarens parlör till galaxen : en berättelse om 101 språk som egentligen inte finns

Följ med på en resa från Tolkien, Star Trek, Game of Thrones, Tarzan och Tintin, till dystopiska dialekter hos Burgess och Orwell. Från nunnan Hildegard av Bingen på 1100-talet, över Swift och Rabelais till Pingu och Linus på Linjen.Det här är en bok om 101 påhittade språk: klingonska, valyriska, syldaviska, na vi, lilliputianska, orkiska, för att nämna några. Språk från länder som inte existerar,

On the role of terrestrial ecosystems in a changing Arctic

The global temperature rise is proportional to the cumulative amount of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. This observation is consistent between climate models and historical observations. It has also given rise to the concept of a carbon budget, which sets a threshold for the amount of CO2 that can be emitted into the atmosphere while still fulfilling political goals such as the Paris Agreement.Te

RNA sequencing-based single sample predictors of molecular subtype and risk of recurrence for clinical assessment of early-stage breast cancer

Multigene assays for molecular subtypes and biomarkers can aid management of early invasive breast cancer. Using RNA-sequencing we aimed to develop single-sample predictor (SSP) models for clinical markers, subtypes, and risk of recurrence (ROR). A cohort of 7743 patients was divided into training and test set. We trained SSPs for subtypes and ROR assigned by nearest-centroid (NC) methods and SSPs

Tourism Resourcification

A conventional claim within tourism research, practice and policy is that tourism is a powerful engine for economic growth across all spatial scales, accounting for slightly more than 10 percent of the global number of jobs and gross domestic product (GDP). What does this tell us? First, that the tourism economy is heavily dependent on mobilising spatial, intangible, material and human resources.

How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? A Study of Paired Core-Needle Biopsies and Surgical Specimens in Early Breast Cancer

In early breast cancer, a preoperative core-needle biopsy (CNB) is vital to confirm the malignancy of suspected lesions and for assessing the expression of treatment predictive and prognostic biomarkers in the tumor to choose the optimal treatments, emphasizing the importance of obtaining reliable results when biomarker status is assessed on a CNB specimen. This study aims to determine the concord

Take the Elevator to Tomorrow : Mobile Space and Lingering Time in Contemporary Urban Fiction

What if, in the encounter between the subject and the city, it is the buildings, the streets, the rooms that are moving and the human beings who are at a standstill? Inspired by the efforts of literary scholars and human geographers to apply a unified understanding of space and time to the study of the (fictional) city, this article employs an analysis centered on the figure of the elevator to exp

Exploring ML testing in practice - Lessons learned from an interactive rapid review with Axis Communications

There is a growing interest in industry and academia in machine learning (ML) testing. We believe that industry and academia need to learn together to produce rigorous and relevant knowledge. In this study, we initiate a collaboration between stakeholders from one case company, one research institute, and one university. To establish a common view of the problem domain, we applied an interactive r

Simultaneous high-resolution T2-weighted imaging and quantitative T2 mapping at low magnetic field strengths using a multiple TE and multi-orientation acquisition approach

Purpose: Low magnetic field systems provide an important opportunity to expand MRI to new and diverse clinical and research study populations. However, a fundamental limitation of low field strength systems is the reduced SNR compared to 1.5 or 3T, necessitating compromises in spatial resolution and imaging time. Most often, images are acquired with anisotropic voxels with low through-plane resolu

Hydraulic Model Database for Applied Water Distribution Systems Research

At the 2013 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress in Cincinnati, Ohio, the ASCE Task Committee on Research Databases for Water Distribution Systems was formed to develop an online open-access repository of water distribution system hydraulic network files for use in applied scientific research. This paper discusses the development of the resulting database, specific model contributions,

How Many? Calculative Practices in the Response to the Refugee Crisis of 2015

Crises are characterised by urgency and disorder, with the ordering practices of crisis management teams constituting key features of the response. In the Swedish refugee crisis that began in autumn 2015, numbers became a key analytic tool to comprehend,monitor and communicate the flow of people arriving in the south of the country. This study draws on theory from social studies of quantification,