The success of real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis is partly limited by the presence of inhibitory compounds in the nucleic acid samples. For example, humic acid (HA) from soil and aqueous sediment interferes with amplification and also quenches the fluorescence of double-stranded (ds) DNA binding dyes, thus hindering amplicon detection. We aimed to counteract the HA fluorescence quenching effect by ble

De flesta anser nog att kemi och speciellt teoretisk kemi är ett mycket komplext ämne, medan lera nog anses som ett begripligt koncept. Det man kanske inte tänker på är att många leror utgörs till stor del av elektrostatiskt laddade nanopartiklar där dess beteende kan förstås genom just ämnena kemi och teoretisk kemi. De laddade nanopartiklarna, även kallade lerplattor, är formade som tunna pannkaMany clay minerals consist of charged nanoplatelets that swell in an aqueous solution. The swelling and the microstructure depend on the type of clay mineral but are also dependent on, for example, the ionic composition and the temperature of the solution. The synthetic clay mineral Laponite and the natural clay mineral montmorillonite have been studied experimentally and theoretically. The swelli

There is a demand for novel targets and approaches to diagnose and treat prostate cancer (PCA). In this context, serum and plasma samples from a total of 609 individuals from two independent patient cohorts were screened for IgG reactivity against a sum of 3833 human protein fragments. Starting from planar protein arrays with 3786 protein fragments to screen 80 patients with and without PCA diagno

The drug FK506 (tacrolimus, fujimycin) exerts its immunosuppressive effects by regulating the nuclear factor of the activated T-cell (NFAT) family of transcription factors. However, FK506 also exhibits neuroprotective effects, but its direct target proteins that mediate these effects have not been determined. To identify the target proteins responsible for FK506's neuroprotective effects, the drug

This paper explains election fraud historically in the case of Sweden, drawing on original data from second-instance election petitions filed in 1719–1908. These petitions reveal systematic procedural violations committed by local election officials toward the end of the Age of Liberty in the eighteenth century. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, fraud had been largely purged from Swedish ele

Purpose: This paper aims to discuss the current debates in facility management to understand where the research community is working and where the facility management sector and discipline might be heading. Design/methodology/approach: A review of research outputs has been undertaken to identify research themes. The discussion is based on developments that are already shaping how one should view f

Aim: The study was undertaken to explore whether shortening of striated muscle during activity is associated with release of bound Ca2+ into the myofibrillar space as has previously been proposed in order to explain the depressant effect of active shortening. Methods: The experiments were carried out on single muscle fibres isolated from the anterior tibialis muscle of Rana temporaria. The fibres

Even though anthropogenic nano-sized tungsten carbide nanoparticles (WC NPs) have been found in the environment, there are currently no investigations on their environmental fate. This work studies the interaction between natural organic matter (NOM) and WC NPs, as well as the potential uptake by the aquatic model organism Daphnia magna. We here show that the affinity between WC NPs and humic acid

Large Eddy Simulation (LES) was employed to investigate the flow field characteristics in an ethylene fueled scramjet combustor with a rearwall-expansion cavity in both non-reaction and reacting flows. The numerical solver was first validated against experiments and the numerical results were shown in reasonably good agreement with the available experimental data. Characteristics of the flow field

n this paper I will use concepts from innovation theory to analyse the work of the Court of Justice of the European Union in its important role as sole interpreter of EU law. In that regard, I define ‘innovator’ as one that facilitates use of new or existing inventions. Thus innovation is portrayed as a process in which several actors may contribute and where it all starts with an invention (the s