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The essential spectrum of singular matrix differential operator determined by the operator matrix (-d/dx rho(x)d/dx + q(x) d/dx . beta/x - beta/x . d/dx m(x)/x(2))) is studied. It is proven that the essential spectrum of any self-adjoint operator associated with this expression consists of two branches. One of these branches (called regularity spectrum) can be obtained by approximating the operato

Nocturnal moths often use sex pheromones to find mates and ultrasonic hearing to evade echolocating bat predators. Male moths, when confronted with both pheromones and sound, thus have to trade off reproduction and predator avoidance depending on the relative strengths of the perceived conflicting stimuli. The ultrasonic hearing of Plodia interpunctella was investigated. A threshold curve for evas

The zinc-binding protein semenogelin I is the major structural component of the gelatinous coagulum that is formed in freshly ejaculated semen. Semenogelin I is a rapidly evolving protein with a primary structure that consists of six repetitive units, each comprising approximately 60 amino acid residues. We studied the secondary and tertiary structure of semenogelin I by circular dichroism (CD) sp

In vitro reassembled aggregates of cartilage proteoglycan (aggrecan) were studied by glycerol spraying/rotary shadowing electron microscopy and compared to the corresponding native (i.e. never dissociated) structures. In both cases a tightly packed central filament structure was observed consisting of the hyaluronate binding region (HABR) of the proteoglycan, link protein (LP) and hyaluronate (HA)

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen studerar olika aspekter av fattigdom i Mongoliet, bland annat skattningar av dess storlek, effekter av fördelning och tillväxt förändringar samt olika policy besluts inverkan. Kapitel två analyserar förhållandet mellan fattigdom, tillväxt och ojämlikhet i Mongoliet. Analysen visar att sannolikheten att ett hushåll är fattigt beror på dess utbildninThis thesis considers various aspects of the poverty in Mongolia, including estimations of the actual as well as future-looking poverty, its distributional and growth components, and selected policy impacts on poverty. Chapter two analyzes the inter-relationship between poverty, growth, and inequality in Mongolia, using Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) for 1998 and 2002. The results show

We conducted large-scale, systematic sampling of influenza type A virus in migratory waterfowl (mostly mallards [Anas platyrhynchos]) at Ottenby Bird Observatory, southeast Sweden. As with previous studies, we found a higher prevalence in fall than spring, and among juveniles compared with adults. However, in contrast to other studies, we found that prevalence in spring was sometimes high (mean 4.

A simple, novel, and general method is presented in this paper for approximating the sum of independent or arbitrarily correlated lognormal random variables (RV) by a single lognormal RV. The method is also shown to be applicable for approximating the sum of lognormal-Rice and Suzuki RVs by a single lognormal RV. A sum consisting of a mixture of the above distributions can also be easily handled.

Efficient use of industrial robots requires a strong interplay between user level commands, the motion control system, and external equipment. It should also be possible for an experienced application engineer to tailor the motion control to a specific application in a convenient way, instead of deficient utilization of the device or tricky user programming which is often the case today. A layered

Elevated solar UV-B radiation associated with stratospheric ozone reduction may exert effects on terrestrial ecosystems through actions on plants, microbes, and perhaps on some animals. At the ecosystem level, the effects are less well understood than at the molecular and organismal levels. Many of the most important, yet less predictable, consequences will be indirect effects of elevated UV-B act

This paper presents a novel approach to the modeling of failure of finger-joints in glued-laminated beams. A nonlinear strain-softening model with stochastic material parameters was used to characterize the failure zone of the finger-joint. Monte Carlo simulations of the behavior of finger-joint laminations and of laminated beams were performed using the finite-element method. Various lamination t

In the new sub-micron beamline at the Lund Nuclear Microprobe facility a special large area HPGe X-ray detector has been installed. It consists of eight 100-mm(2)-size detector elements arranged in an annular formation around the beam entrance hole. Different parameters like FWHM, FWTM, peak-to-background ratio and peak-to-valley ratio for each individual detector element as well as their sum spec

Genotyping of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is important because of its clinical and epidemiological implications. We report here the distribution of HCV genotypes in various patient groups in Finland using a rapid and reliable HCV typing method based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the amplified DNA from the 5' non-coding region of the genome. The reaction product from the primary

Background: Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with premature vascular disease. The mechanism behind the vascular injuries is, however, still unknown. Homocysteine may be catabolized in the trans sulfuration pathway to cysteine. Cystathionine beta-synthase, which catalyses the first step in the transsulfuration pathway is redox-sensitive. We have therefore investigated total extracellular hom

Objectives We examined to what degree annoyance ratings to noise, air pollution and other common environmental factors in the home environment could be considered to mirror personality disposition in terms of habitual anxiety level and, when appropriate, objectively modeled noise and nitrogen emission (NOx). Methods A trait anxiety scale was introduced in a cross-sectional public health survey wit