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Many cyber-physical systems comprise several control applications sharing communication and computation resources. The design of such systems requires special attention due to the complex timing behavior that can lead to poor control quality or even instability. The two main requirements of control applications are: (1) robustness and, in particular, stability and (2) high control quality. Althoug

Halisaurine mosasaurs are poorly known, represented by a small number of specimens from the Santonian-Maastrichtian (similar to 86 Ma - similar to 66 Ma), but enjoyed broad palaeobiogeographic distribution during that time. They are important for understanding mosasaur evolution because certain aspects of their morphology retain the relatively plesiomorphic or minimally modified squamate condition

Two new types of multipass gas cells with circular and elliptical cross-sections were developed. As for a cylindrical cell, the reflected rays in the circle would be an irregular trace without superposition and termination, if its central angle is a bit more than 2 pi/3 for an example. Each two adjacent reflected points have the same optical path difference and optical light passes through differe

To obtain insights into the coupling between community composition, diversity and community function, bacterioplankton assemblages from the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) were exposed to increasing environmental stress throughout 2 wk in continuous seawater cultures to construct communities differing in composition and diversity. The assemblages were exposed to (1) decreased temperature,

Hydrogen normally occurs as hydroxyl ions related to defects at specific crystallographic sites in the structures, and is normally characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For quantification purposes the FTIR technique has proven to be less precise since calibrations against independent methods are needed. Hydrogen analysis by the NMP technique can solve many of the problems, due to the low

The life-history parameters of most living organisms are modified by fluctuations in environmental conditions. The impact of environmental autocorrelation on population persistence is well understood in single species systems. However, in multi-species communities the impact of stochasticity is complicated by the possibility of different species having differing intrinsic responses to the environm

To explore interactions between climate and peatland hydrology, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing at four raised bogs in southern Sweden were subject to a dendroclimatological study. Radial tree growth reflecting climate and water table fluctuations over multiannual periods was detected as significant negative correlations between tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies and the preceding one to

Airway infections are known to cause exacerbations of allergy and asthma. Tonsils constitute a primary site for microbial recognition and triggering of the immune system in the airways. Human β-defensins (HBDs) are antimicrobial peptides with an important role in this defense. Our aim was to investigate HBD1-3 in tonsillar tissue and their potential role in allergic rhinitis (AR). Tonsils, obtaine

Chemical regulation allows non-in vivo testing (i.e. in silico-derived and in vitro-derived) information to replace experimental values from in vivo studies in hazard and risk assessments. Although non-in vitro testing information on chemical activities or properties is subject to added uncertainty as compared to in vivo testing information, this uncertainty is commonly not (fully) taken into acco

Published studies have reported conflicting results regarding the effects of cinnamon on glucose, lipids and insulin. To gain further insight into the metabolic effects of Cinnamomum cassia we performed randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled study using euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp.

Much of the extant work on brand equity in business markets has focused on predicting brand loyalty as in what brand image elements that make buyers prefer to buy a brand The question what drives buyers to pay more or less for brands has however been somewhat overlooked despite price premium being a distinct and economically important outcome of a favourable brand image In an attempt to answer thi

We study and solve the previously unstudied problem of finding both transmitter and receiver positions using only time of arrival (TOA) measurements when there is a difference in dimensionality between the affine subspaces spanned by receivers and transmitters. Anchor-free TOA network calibration has uses both in radio, radio strength and sound applications, such as calibrating ad hoc microphone a

A low level of phosphoric acid (1% w/w on dry bagasse basis, 160 degrees C and above, 10 min) was shown to effectively hydrolyze the hemicellulose in sugar cane bagasse into monomers with minimal side reactions and to serve as an effective pre-treatment for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Up to 45% of the remaining water-insoluble solids (WIS) was digested to sugar monomers by a low concent

For a system with interacting quantum mechanical particles in a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, a trial wavefunction with simple structure based on the solution of the corresponding two-particle system is suggested and tested numerically.With the inclusion of a scaling parameter for the distance between particles, at least for the very small systems tested here the ansatz gives a very good es

The proposed algorithm aims at helping diabetic patients which use multi-dose injection (MDI) therapy to determine the dose and time of insulin and glucose intakes to stabilize their blood glucose (BG) concentration. The objective is to spend most of the time in normal BG range (70-180 mg/dl). The control was done by minimizing the risk of hypo- and hyperglycemia over the doses and times of insuli