Urban densification, despite the economic and social opportunities it offers, brings with it challenges to the well-being of citizens. A direct effect of densification is the rise in noise- and vibration-producing sources, which can lead to both health and comfort issues. In determining the risk associated with excessive vibration levels, the distance between the source and the receiver or target

In the context of range-independent solid media, we propose a well-conditioned dynamic stiffness matrix for an elastic layer sitting over an elastic half-space. This formulation overcomes the well-known problem of numerical ill-conditioning when solving the system of equations for deep-layered strata. The methodology involves the exact solutions of transformed ordinary differential equations in th

To predict ground-borne vibration levels caused by railway traffic, models for estimating the load from the vibration source, as well as the vibration transmission through the ground, are needed. In the present paper, a finite element formulation in a frame of reference following the moving load, is used for modeling a railway slab track. The response of the underlying soil is represented through

Singleshot polychromatic coherent diffractive imaging is performed with a high-intensity high-order harmonic generation source. The coherence properties are analyzed and several reconstructions show the shot-to-shot fluctuations of the incident beam wavefront. The method is based on a multi-step approach. First, the spectrum is extracted from double-slit diffraction data. The spectrum is used as i

Artikeln beskriver två insamlare av folkloristiskt material som var verksamma kring sekelskiftet 1900. Här diskuteras hur det äldre uppteckningsmaterial som finns i arkiven har kommit till och den roll som insamlarna spelade för det som samlades in.

The role of auditory feedback in vocal production has mainly been investigated by altered auditory feedback (AAF) in real time. In response, speakers compensate by shifting their speech output in the opposite direction. Current theory suggests this is caused by a mismatch between expected and observed feedback. A methodological issue is the difficulty to fully isolate the speaker’s hearing so that

Energy-intensive industries (EIIs) produce basic materials that are responsible for around 22 percent of global CO2 emissions. The emissions keep increasing due to growing demand for basic materials as the world develops and effective global climate policy responses remain lacking. Reversing this trend and aligning the emissions trajectory with the goals of the Paris Agreement is an urgent and cha

Darwinian evolution of tumor cells remains underexplored in childhood cancer. We here reconstruct the evolutionary histories of 56 pediatric primary tumors, including 24 neuroblastomas, 24 Wilms tumors and 8 rhabdomyosarcomas. Whole genome copy number and whole exome mutational profiling of multiple regions per tumor was performed followed by clonal deconvolution to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree

Liquid biopsy allows assessment of multiple analytes, providing temporal information with potential for improving understanding of cancer evolution and clinical management of patients. Although liquid biopsies are intensely investigated for prediction and response monitoring, preanalytic variables are of primary concern for clinical implementation, including categories of collection method and sam

As cancer care is transitioning to personalized therapies with necessary complementary or companion biomarkers there is significant interest in determining to what extent non-invasive liquid biopsies reflect the gold standard solid biopsy. We have established an approach for measuring patient-specific circulating and solid cell concordance by introducing tumor touch preparations to the High-Defini

Molecular analysis of circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) has great potential as a means for continuous evaluation of prognosis and treatment efficacy in near-real time through minimally invasive liquid biopsies. To realize this potential, however, methods for molecular analysis of these rare cells must be developed and validated. Here, we describe the integration of imaging mass

Antibody microarrays have emerged as an important tool within proteomics, enabling multiplexed protein expression profiling in both health and disease. The design and performance of antibody microarrays and how they are processed are dependent on several factors, of which the interplay between the antibodies and the solid surfaces plays a central role. In this study, we have taken on the first com

The charge density wave in the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) has two different ordering tendencies differentiated by their c-axis correlations. These correspond to ferro- (F-CDW) and antiferro- (AF-CDW) couplings between CDWs in neighbouring CuO2 bilayers. This discovery has prompted several fundamental questions: how does superconductivity adjust to two competing orders and a

In beer, the main amphiphilic components are protein and iso-humulone. Two major populations of protein are identified as lipid transfer protein (LTP) (9.7 kDa) and protein Z (43 kDa). In this paper, protein and iso-humulone are extracted from barley malt and hop, respectively, based on the brewing process. Mixtures of protein and iso-humulone are mixed at different concentrations and centrifuged.

Hidden Markov models are applied in many expert and intelligent systems to detect an underlying sequence of persistent states. When the model is misspecified or misestimated, however, it often leads to unrealistically rapid switching dynamics. To address this issue, we propose a novel estimation approach based on clustering temporal features while penalizing jumps. We compare the approach to spect

The choice of coordinate system to calculate eddy covariance fluxes becomes particularly relevant at complex measurement sites. The traditional way is to perform double rotation (DR) of the coordinate system i.e., to calculate turbulent fluxes in a coordinate system that is aligned with the flow streamlines within the flux averaging period (e.g., Kaimal and Finnigan, 1994). The second approach, th

The work in this thesis was carried out to highlight important chemical pathways in skeletal mechanisms for the three smallest alcohol fuels (methanol, ethanol and npropanol), two representative fuel alkanes n-heptane and n-decane, and finally the biodiesel surrogates, methyl-decanoate, methyl-5-decenoate, and methyl-9-decenoate. This aim was set up to further the efforts of creating Computational

Development of a new reduced chemical kinetic reaction mechanism for kerosene-air combustion is presented. The new mechanism uses a modular based development technique and is a further development on previously presented kerosene-air mechanisms. The new mechanism consists of 30 species and 77 irreversible reactions and is developed to accurate reproduce key flame parameters yet being small enough