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Incidence and Natural History of Retinochoroidal Neovascularization in Enhanced S-Cone Syndrome

Objective: We examined the incidence and natural history of macular retinochoroidal neovascularization (RCN) in enhanced S-cone syndrome (ESCS). Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: This single-center study included 14 of 93 patients with ESCS who had signs of active or inactive RCN in ≥1 eye. We conducted multimodal retinal imaging, full-field electroretinography, and molecular genetic ana

Inhibition of copper transporter 1 prevents α-synuclein pathology and alleviates nigrostriatal degeneration in AAV-based mouse model of Parkinson's disease

The formation of α-synuclein aggregates is a major pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Copper promotes α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in vitro. The level of copper and copper transporter 1, which is the only known high-affinity copper importer in the brain, decreases in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. However, the relationship between copper, copper transporte

Biobank Economics and the Commercialization Problem

The economics of biobanking are intertwined with its social and scientific aspects. In this article, we illustrate this interrelationship and describe two problems that structure the discussion about the economics of biobanking. First, there is a “sustainability problem” about how to maintain biobanks in the long term. Second, and representing a partial response to the first problem, there is a “c

Decoupling δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg at the onset of the Ireviken Carbon Isotope Excursion : Δ13C and organic carbon burial (forg) during a Silurian oceanic anoxic event

Paired records of δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg across the Llandovery-Wenlock boundary demonstrate asynchronous behavior during the onset of the Ireviken Biogeochemical Event (IBE). The extremely high-resolution data produced from the Altajme Core, drilled from Gotland, Sweden, capture a negative excursion in δ13Corg during the initiation of the Ireviken Extinction Event (IEE) and prior to the onset of the

Integrated bio-chemostratigraphy of Lower and Middle Triassic marine successions at Spiti in the Indian Himalaya : Implications for the Early Triassic nutrient crisis

In this paper we study the Lilang Super Group in the Spiti area, Indian Himalaya to understand environmental changes in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction. We focus on the Mikin and Kaga Formations, which span the Induan to Ladinian stages of the Lower and Middle Triassic. These strata formed on the southern mid-palaeolatitude margin of East Gondwana and are interpreted as condensed,

End-user perspectives of two mHealth decision support tools : Electronic Community Case Management in Northern Malawi

Background: The introduction of a paper-based Community Case Management (CCM) in Malawi has contributed to a reduction of child morbidity and mortality rates. In addition, the introduction of electronic Community Case Management (eCCM) (smartphones with built in CCM apps) may help to reduce the under-five mortality rates even further. Purpose: It is not uncommon for Apps with a similar area of int

Smithian and Spathian (Early Triassic) conodonts from Oman and Croatia and their depth habitat revealed

Conodont ecology of the Early Triassic Smithian–Spathian transition is still poorly understood. Here we use oxygen isotope ratios of monogeneric conodonts from Omani samples to reveal the differences of oxygen isotopic composition between different taxa. Oxygen isotope analyses from Oman reveal that Neogondolella inhabited a deeper part of the water column relative to neospathodids and Icriospatho

Pregnant alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M) knockout mice exhibit features of kidney and placental damage, hemodynamic changes and intrauterine growth restriction

Alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M) is an antioxidant previously shown to be elevated in maternal blood during pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and suggested to be important in the endogenous defense against oxidative stress. A knockout mouse model of A1M (A1Mko) was used in the present study to assess the importance of A1M during pregnancy in relation to the kidney, heart and placenta function. Sy

Clinical and epidemiological features of heart-hand syndrome, an updated analysis in China

Background: The purpose of this study was to prospectively recruit patients treated with limb malformation and to explore the prevalence and the clinical and epidemiological features of Heart-Hand Syndrome (HHS) in China. Methods: The consecutive patients treated for congenital upper limb malformation in Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital from October 1st, 2016 to October 1st, 2019 were prospectively re

No support that early selective dorsal rhizotomy increase frequency of scoliosis and spinal pain – a longitudinal population-based register study from four to 25 years of age

Abstract: Spasticity interfering with gross motor development in cerebral palsy (CP) can be reduced with selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Although reported, it is unknown if SDR surgery causes later spine problems. Using CP-registry data from a geographically defined population, the objectives were to compare frequency and time to scoliosis, and spinal pain up to adult age after SDR-surgery or no

The association between plasma proneurotensin and glucose regulation is modified by country of birth

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased dramatically in Middle Eastern populations that represent the largest non-European immigrant group in Sweden today. As proneurotensin predicts T2D, the aim of this study was to investigate differences in proneurotensin levels across populations of Middle Eastern and Caucasian origin and to study its associations with indices of glucose regulati

Robustness and lethality in multilayer biological molecular networks

Robustness is a prominent feature of most biological systems. Most previous related studies have been focused on homogeneous molecular networks. Here we propose a comprehensive framework for understanding how the interactions between genes, proteins and metabolites contribute to the determinants of robustness in a heterogeneous biological network. We integrate heterogeneous sources of data to cons

Neighborhood environment and muscle mass and function among rural older adults : a 3-year longitudinal study

Background: Sarcopenia, resulting from loss of muscle mass and function, is highly prevalent in the ageing societies and is associated with risk of falls, frailty, loss of independence, and mortality. It is important to identify environmental risk factors, so that evidence-based interventions to prevent sarcopenia can be implemented at the population level. This study aimed to examine the potentia

Solvent fractions of selected Ethiopian medicinal plants used in traditional breast cancer treatment inhibit cancer stem cells in a breast cancer cell line

Background: The incidence and mortality of breast cancer in women is increasing worldwide. Breast cancer contains a subpopulation of cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). The CSCs are believed to be responsible for chemotherapeutic resistance and are also involved in tumor initiation, progression, evolution, and metastasis to distant sites. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-CSC po

Evaluation of an antibody-PNA conjugate as a clearing agent for antibody-based PNA-mediated radionuclide pretargeting

Radionuclide molecular imaging of cancer-specific targets is a promising method to identify patients for targeted antibody therapy. Radiolabeled full-length antibodies however suffer from slow clearance, resulting in high background radiation. To overcome this problem, a pretargeting system based on complementary peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes has been investigated. The pretargeting relies on s