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Rigorous and widely applicable indicators of biodiversity are needed to monitor the responses of ecosystems to global change and design effective conservation schemes. Among the potential indicators of biodiversity, those based on the functional traits of species and communities are interesting because they can be generalized to similar habitats and can be assessed by relatively rapid field assess
The impact of future climate scenarios on surface and groundwater resources was simulated using a modeling approach for an artificial recharge area in arid southern Iran. Future climate data for the periods of 2010–2030 and 2030–2050 were acquired from the Canadian Global Coupled Model (CGCM 3.1) for scenarios A1B, A2, and B1. These scenarios were adapted to the studied region using the delta-chan
Human obesity is a global epidemic, which causes a rapidly increased frequency of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. One reason for obesity is the ready availability of refined food products with high caloric density, an evolutionarily new event, which makes over-consumption of food inevitable. Fat is a food product with high caloric density. The mechanism for regulation of fat intake has theref
Gene expression analyses were performed on 121 consecutive childhood leukemias (87 B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs), 11 T-cell ALLs and 23 acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs)), investigated during an 8-year period at a single center. The supervised learning algorithm k-nearest neighbor was utilized to build gene expression predictors that could classify the ALLs/AMLs according to clinical
Lipids have been implicated in ß-cell stimulus-secretion coupling. Thus, lipases in ß-cells would be required to generate coupling factors from intracellular lipids. Indeed, we found that glucose stimulates lipolysis in rodent islets and clonal ß-cells. Lipolysis and diglyceride lipase activity in islets are abolished by orlistat, a pan-lipase inhibitor. Moreover, orlistat dose-dependently inhibit
Introduction: Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines drive optimal patient care and facilitate access to high-quality treatment. Creating guidelines for rare diseases such as haemophilia, where evidence does not often come from randomized controlled trials but from non-randomized and well-designed observational studies and real-world data, is challenging. The methodology used for assessing av
Conservation genomics is a rapidly growing subdiscipline of conservation biology that uses genome-wide information to inform management of biodiversity at all levels. Such efforts typically focus on species or systems of conservation interest, but rarely consider associated microbes. At least three major approaches have been used to study how microorganisms broadly contribute to conservation areas
Resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, type 2 diabetes is highly heterogeneous in manifestation and disease progression, with the only common feature being chronic hyperglycaemia. In spite of vigorous efforts to elucidate the pathogenetic origins and natural course of the disease, there is still a lack of biomarkers and tools for prevention, disease stratification and t
Predictors for the pharmacological effect of ADHD medication in children and adolescents are lacking. This study examined clinically relevant factors in a large (N = 638) prospective cohort reflecting real-world evidence. Children and adolescents aged 6–17 diagnosed with ADHD were evaluated at baseline and three months following ADHD medication initiation. The outcome was measured as a reduction i
Based on a new deep drilling on southern Gotland (Sweden), this study is the first to document the carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician through lowermost Silurian sedimentary record from the central parts of the Baltic Sea subsurface. The lithological record of the Stora Sutarve core has similarities with adjacent successions in both the Viki core in the East Baltic area and th
Limiting global warming to 1.5 °C is crucial to prevent the worst effects of climate change. This entails also the decarbonization of the aviation sector, which is considered to be a “hard-to-abate” sector and thus requires special attention regarding its sustainability transition. However, transition pathways to a potentially climate-neutral aviation sector are unclear, with different stakeholder
The Amsterdam 2022 International Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport (6th International Conference on Concussion in Sport) was the first Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) consensus to consider the para athlete.1 To date, a lack of research in para sport on most aspects of concussion has prevented the development of evidence-informed consensus on any aspects of concussion care for para athlet
BACKGROUND: Recent advancements in Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker research and clinical trials prompt reflection on the value and consequently appropriate use of tau positron emission tomography (tau-PET) in the future. METHODS: We conducted an online survey among dementia and PET experts worldwide to investigate the anticipated future role of tau-PET in clinical practice and trials. RESULTS:
The production of biopharmaceuticals is a chemical- and water-intensive process. The consumption of water and chemicals is partly due to the need for many different buffers in large volumes during the downstream process, typically consisting of several chromatography steps. Given the global commitment to the goals for sustainable development and the anticipated growth of the biopharmaceutical mark
Skin barrier damage and subsequent development of harmful microbiota contribute to conditions such as wound infections, atopic dermatitis and chronic wounds, which impact millions of people globally and pose a significant economic burden on healthcare systems. Established microbial sampling methods, such as swabs and tissue biopsies, provide limited information on the spatial distribution of bacte
The concept of food sovereignty is primarily taken as an alternative to the prevailing neoliberal food security model. However, the approach has hitherto not received adequate attention from policy makers. This could be because the discourse is marked by controversies and contradictions, particularly regarding its ability to address the challenges of feeding a rapidly growing global population. In
As the world gears up for the Net Zero carbon emissions, demand for raw materials is set to skyrocket as they are key elements of global economy and they have essential roles in improvement of life quality and the performance of manufacturing productivity. The various conventional treatment methods, including physical, chemical, and biological processes, may become outdated and may generally be re
Deep renovation of the buildings is a key for sustainable development, however, the rate of deep renovation of residential buildings in the European Union (EU) is lower than what is required to meet the climate and energy goals. This paper analyses peculiarities and commonalities in market conditions and approaches to deep renovation of single-family (or detached) houses in Denmark and Sweden. The
