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For robots to be productive co-workers in the manufacturing industry, it is necessary that their human colleagues can interact with them and instruct them in a simple manner. The goal of our research is to lower the threshold for humans to instruct manipulation tasks, especially sensorcontrolled assembly. In our previous work we have presented tools for high-level task instruction, while in this p
Unusually high CO2 concentrations were frequently observed during stable nights in late summer 2006 at the CarboEurope-Integrated Project (CEIP) forest site in Norunda, Sweden. Mean CO2 concentrations in the layer below the height of the eddy-covariance measurement system at 30 m reached up to 500 mu mol mol(-1) and large vertical and horizontal gradients occurred, leading to very large advective
Biophysical models that describe the outcome of white matter diffusion MRI experiments have various degrees of complexity. While the simplest models assume equal-sized and parallel axons, more elaborate ones may include distributions of axon diameters and axonal orientation dispersions. These microstructural features can be inferred from diffusion-weighted signal attenuation curves by solving an i
In this paper we investigate the problem of segmenting images using the information in text annotations. In contrast to the general image understanding problem, this type of annotation guided segmentation is less ill-posed in the sense that for the output there is higher consensus among human annotations. In the paper we present a system based on a combined visual and semantic pipeline. In the vis
Popular Abstract in Swedish Mer än hälften av alla kvinnor har haft en urinvägsinfektion. Infektionen uppkommer när bakterier når urinblåsan och börjar växa. Immunförsvaret känner igen bakterierna, reagerar med en inflammation och symptom som sveda, trängningar och smärtor i nedre magtrakten uppstår. Om bakterierna klättrar upp till njurarna sprider sig inflammationen dit och orsakar ryggsmärtor oUrinary tract infections (UTIs) present an interesting and relevant model for studying microbial adaptation. After establishing significant numbers, the bacteria either cause severe disease, or an asymptomatic carrier state resembling the normal flora at other mucosal sites. Patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) are protected from re-infection if the strain that they carry outcompetes more
The discovery of the role of α-synuclein in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) has opened new possibilities for the development of more authentic models of Parkinson's disease. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) and lentivirus (LV) vectors are efficient tools for expression of genes locally in subsets of neurons in the brain and can be used to express human wild-type or mutated α-s
Meteorological data and soil data have been collected at a site in the central Sudan from 2002 to 2012. The site is a sparse savanna in the semiarid region of Sudan. In addition to basic meteorological variables, soil properties (temperature, water content, and heat flux) and radiation (global radiation, net radiation, and photosynthetic active radiation) were measured. The dataset has a temporal
Knowledge of the forest biomass and its change in time is crucial to understanding the carbon cycle and its interactions with climate change. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology, in this respect, has proven to be a valuable tool, providing reliable estimates of aboveground biomass (AGB). The overall goal of this study was to develop a method for assessing AGB using a synergy of low poin
In this paper, we propose a novel method for estimating the locations of near- and/or far-field harmonic audio sources impinging on an arbitrary, but calibrated, sensor array. Using a joint pitch and location estimation formed in two steps, we first estimate the fundamental frequencies and complex amplitudes under a sinusoidal model assumption, whereafter the location of each source is found by ut
OBJECTIVE: To compare measurements of the arterial blood volume (aBV), a perfusion parameter calculated from arterial spin labelling (ASL), and cerebral blood volume (CBV), calculated from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI. In the clinic, CBV is used for grading of intracranial tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Estimates of aBV from the model-free ASL technique quantitative STAR labelling of
Objective: The aim in this study was to assess the association between individual plasma carotenoid levels (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin) and fruit and vegetable intakes recorded by a calibrated food questionnaire (FQ) and 24- h dietary recall records (24HDR) in nine different European countries with diverse populations and widely varying intakes
Context: T-3 action in neurons is essential for brain development. Recent evidence indicates that monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is important for neuronal T-3 uptake. Hemizygous mutations have been identified in the X-linked MCT8 gene in boys with severe psychomotor retardation and elevated serum T-3 levels. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the functional consequences
This paper presents ongoing research involving design and evaluation of different architectures for providing knowledge-based solutions in industrial robotized automation systems. The conclusions are that distributed, cloud-based approaches offer many possibilities, in particular for knowledge exchange and reuse, and facilitate new business models for industrial solutions. However, there are many
Iron can be a growth‐limiting nutrient for phytoplankton, modifying rates of net primary production, nitrogen fixation, and carbon export ‐ highlighting the importance of new iron inputs from the atmosphere. The bioavailable iron fraction depends on the emission source and the dissolution during transport. The impacts of anthropogenic combustion and land use change on emissions from industrial, do
While climate models broadly agree on the changes expected to occur over the Arctic with global warming on a pan-Arctic scale (i.e. polar amplification, sea ice loss, and increased precipitation), the magnitude and patterns of these changes at regional and local scales remain uncertain. This limits the usability of climate model projections for risk assessments and their impact on human activities
We propose an adaptive change point detection method (A-CPD) for machine guided weak label annotation of audio recording segments. The goal is to maximize the amount of information gained about the temporal activations of the target sounds. For each unlabeled audio recording, we use a prediction model to derive a probability curve used to guide annotation. The prediction model is initially pre-tra
For many severe lung diseases, non-invasive biomarkers from imaging could improve early detection of lung injury or disease onset, establish a diagnosis, or help follow-up disease progression and treatment strategies. Imaging of the thorax and lung is challenging due to its size, respiration movement, transferred cardiac pulsation, vast density range and gravitation sensitivity. However, there is
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a common but frequently unrecognized complication of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The association between these conditions is multifaceted and involves complex interactions between metabolic, inflammatory, and genetic factors. Here we assess the underlying structural and molecular processes focusing on the immunological phase of MASH in th
Background: Lifestyle choices, metformin, and dietary supplements may prevent GDM, but the effect of intervention characteristics has not been identified. This review evaluated intervention characteristics to inform the implementation of GDM prevention interventions. Methods: Ovid, MEDLINE/PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR
Satellite imagery is a potent tool for estimating human wealth and poverty, especially in regions lacking reliable data. This study compares a range of poverty estimation approaches from satellite images, spanning from expert-based to fully machine learning-based methodologies. Human experts ranked clusters from the Tanzania DHS survey using high-resolution satellite images. Then expert-defined fe
