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Over the past number of years, there has been an international focus on improving communication amongst clinicians during transition points in care. Although clinicians achieve successes in bridging gaps during clinical handovers the focus of research continues to be on communication problems amongst team members and its association to healthcare errors. As such, there are a limited number of stud
AbstractBackgroundRecently, increasing attention has been paid to team processes in peripartum care settings with the aim to improve fetomaternal outcomes. However, we have yet to understand how the perception of teamwork in peripartum care is shaped in a complex, multi-disciplinary environment.MethodsThe aim of this study was to approach the question using qualitative social-scientific methodolog
Maritime operations are complex socio-technical activities, with many interacting agents. Such agents are acting based on different, sometimes conflicting, goals. The traditional approach for safety, based on decomposition and bimodality, might lead to ineffective analyses, ignoring the transient and hidden links among activities as they are performed in everyday work. In this sense, the Functiona
This study describes the safety culture at Lund University School of Aviation (LUSA) at two occasions, separated by a period of approximately one year, and the effects of the interventions that were carried out during this year. The study was conducted by means of two attitude measurement surveys with interviews after the first survey and opportunities for the respondents to propose improvements a
Herbert William Heinrich is one of the most influential pioneers within safety. His concepts, originally from the late 1920s, influence safety practice and theory, even today. In recent years, Heinrich’s legacy received increasing critique, also from contemporary safety authors that generally are counted among the ‘new view’. The objective of this thesis is to explore how ‘new view’ thinkers/autho
There seems to be a worldwide push, through policy and Government campaigns, to emphasise a local and decentralised responsibility for societal safety and security. Often, this push is argued for using the notion of resilience. Using an archaeological approach this paper sets out to analyse the conditions of possibility for resilience to get established as an object of knowledge within the discour
Anesthesiology is the medical specialty dedicated to the relief of pain and care of the surgical patient before, during and after surgery. Most of the work in anesthesiology is routine patient care, but because patients are sick and surgical procedures may develop in unexpected ways, anesthesiology by its nature often involves medical crises. In recent years, two concepts have gained increasing i
Guided by complexity theory, in this article, we argue that a complex understanding of disaster response management can be achieved by making multiple, transparent and modest interpretations. We suggest an analytical framework in which multiple system interpretations are constructed, all based on explicit analytical choices according to three aspects: (1) system dimension, (2) system scope and (3)
Resilience engineering has changed the value of expertise from meeting required standards, to how it helps organizations to adapt. This chapter discusses the origin of the concept of resilience and how it has been applied to sociotechnical systems within the safety domain. From there we review the current literature to explore how to manage expertise, considering both its possible good and bad eff
This report presents an evaluation of fire safety in the Swedish city of Mariefred. The buildings of the city are primarily 18th century, made of wood and closely built. A semi quantitative risk analysis method, BSIVI, was used in the inventory of fire safety. This method uses 16 parameters which are weighed against one another to specify the fire safety of each building. The different index value
Aviation is known to be safe, partly due to highly specialized pilots who undergo extensive training to fulfill and maintain their function at the sharp end. More demands are placed on the pilots as complexity continues to grow in aviation. This is due to more technology, more rules of compliance, more diversity in operations, and less time to do it all in the aggressive competitive world of avia
In a socio-technical work domain, humans, device interfaces and artefacts all affect transformations of information flow. Such transformations, which may involve a change of auditory to visual information & vice versa or alter semantic approximations into spatial proximities from instruments readings, are generally not restricted to solely human cognition. This paper applies a joint cognitive
Background: As healthcare becomes increasingly complex, new methods are needed to identify weaknesses in the system that could lead to increased risk. Traditionally, the focus for patient safety is to study incident reports and adverse events, but that starting point has been contested with a new era of safety investigations: the analysis of everyday clinical work, and the resilient healthcare. Th
Global risks from disasters are increasing, and with more urbanization more resources are now spent on planning and preventive actions. This has led to increased interest in working with the concept of resilience. The concept has now been adopted by different organizations to launch initiatives and campaigns to increase the resilience of cities and societies. The purpose of this thesis was to acco
In 2017, a change (serendipity) in the philosophy of occurrence investigations took place at NS (Dutch Railways). It seems the investigations conducted and published before and after 2017 are different, both in the way the investigations are executed and in their effects on the organisation. This research has been carried out to find out if, in what way, and to what degree the two specific types o
There is widespread consensus that teamwork constitutes one of the key requirements in today’s multidisciplinary and highly complex system of delivering care. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to questions of how to define, teach, measure, and improve teamwork in healthcare. However, one cannot help but feel a certain disconnect between this ongoing trend, with an associated bia
Occupational health and safety management systems are widely used as a systematic approach to managing occupational health and safety in organizations. One important element of which is the development of Standard Operating Procedures to ensure uniform written safety procedures throughout the organization. Such procedures are sometimes restrictive and inadequate to deal with the dynamic and changi
