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High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [(Formula presented)]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a ch
This study examines the impacts of a gender equality goal set by the Swedish government in 2018, addressing that at least 25% of newly recruited workers in the construction sector in Sweden should be women by 2030. The study focuses on women ́s share of employment and the gender wage gap within the sector. The study is based on public data of the labour market published on SCB, Statistics Sweden.
This thesis explores how the European Union, through the East StratCom Task Force’s Disinformation Reviews, discursively frames Russia in its response to disinformation, and how this constructs the Union’s identity. Drawing on Thomas Diez operationalisation of Normative Power Europe as well as Strategic Narrative Theory, this study applies a critical discourse analysis of all reviews published wit
Flow harmonic coefficients, vn, which are the key to studying the hydrodynamics of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions, have been measured in various collision systems and kinematic regions and using various particle species. The study of flow harmonics in a wide pseudorapidity range is particularly valuable to understand the temperature dependence of the shear viscosity t
The Λb0 → D+D−Λ decay is observed for the first time using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.3 fb−1. Using the B0 → D+D−KS0 decay as a reference channel, the product of the relative production cross-section and decay branching fractions is measured to be (Formula presented.) where the f
The ratio of production cross-sections of ψ(2S) over J/ψ mesons as a function of charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s = 13 TeV is measured with a data sample collected by the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 658 pb−1. The ratio is measured for both prompt and non-prompt ψ(2S) and J/ψ mesons. When there is an overlap betwe
This thesis investigates whether the unilateral credit valuation adjustment (CVA) of plain-vanilla interest rate swap portfolios can be approximated accurately using a pre- computed library of basis-swap CVAs, avoiding the cost of full Monte Carlo revaluation. The approximation is constructed to require only a yield curve, a swaption volatility surface, and counterparty CDS spreads as inputs. The
While intelligence collection and counterintelligence are traditionally associated with state actors, terrorist organizations engage in similar practices to avoid detection. Despite sophisticated security apparatuses, terrorist organizations have experienced significant intelligence failures. This paper examines what weaknesses in terrorist organizations' security work contribute to such failu
The two-particle momentum correlation functions between charm mesons (D∗± and D±) and charged light-flavor mesons (π± and K±) in all charge combinations are measured for the first time by the ALICE Collaboration in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV. For DK and D∗K pairs, the experimental results are in agreement with theoretical predictions of the re
Stormwater management is essential for preventing urban flooding and protecting water quality in receiving bodies. Traditionally viewed as a nuisance, stormwater is now being re-evaluated as an alternative resource for non-potable uses such as toilet flushing and irrigation through rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS). Within the European Union's Horizon 2020 project REWAISE, pilot studies with cer
Background: The potential of generative artificial intelligence (genAI) tools, such as ChatGPT, is being increasingly explored in healthcare settings. However, the same tools also introduce significant cybersecurity risks that could compromise patient safety, data integrity, and institutional trust. This study aimed to examine real-world security breaches involving genAI and extrapolate their pote
Proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2011, at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, have been used for an improved determination of the W-boson mass and a first measurement of the W-boson width at the LHC. Recent fits to the proton parton distribution functions are incorporated in the measurement procedure and an improved statistical method is used to increase the measurement
A search is presented for new particles produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV that result in final states comprising a massive vector (W or Z) boson that decays hadronically and large missing transverse momentum. The data sample was collected with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider from 2015 to 2018 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1
This article aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the reasoning behind the current US right-wing movement’s articulated politics of search engines.The aim is pursued through the prism of metapolitics, understood as a culture war focused on formulating and establishing dominant societal norms and values. Methodologically, the study uses qualitative content analysis to examine how Google Sea
