The design of a policy based on the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) principle can involve one or several Producer Responsibility Organisations (PROs) as well as various degree of involvement on the part of municipalities. The thesis is analysing the implications of different choices regarding these two aspects in light of the experiences with EPR systems for household packaging in three Eur

Uppdraget från EC Solutions gick ut på att konstruera en nätaggregatsprototyp. Ett designkrav var att nätaggregatet skulle likna ett traditionellt vägguttag. Istället för elkontakt skulle aggregatet ha plats för 2 USB-portar för laddning av olika elektroniska apparater. Då produkten riktades mot vanlig konsumentmarknad ställdes kravet att den skulle kunna massproduceras till ett rimligt pris. Exam

A growing trend in cities around the word is to promote cycling to make them a more livable place to live in. Many big cities in Europe such as London, Paris, and Vienna have started to consider cycling not only as a mode of transport but also as a way to reduce pollution and congestion problems. Cities with long cycling culture such as Copenhagen and Amsterdam started decades ago a shift from a c

The subject of Funds Transfer Pricing (FTP) is widely known within the banking in- dustry, despite this there is a lack of consensus on how to allocate the costs and benets to the users and suppliers of liquidity. A common practice in nancial institutions, in particular before the nancial crisis, was to charge business units a liquidity charge that was based on the average or the historic cost of

Påverkar sexuell förökning möjligheten att försvara sig? Den vanliga dammsnäckan, Radix balthica, är en hermafroditisk sötvattenssnäcka med ett välutvecklat försvarssystem mot predation från bland annat fisk, så som ruda. Om snäckorna får växa upp i en omgivning med dofter från fisken så kommer den att utveckla en skalform som är rundare med tjockare väggar och större skal öppning än vad den skulIn this study I have investigated the variance in a phenotypically plastic defence trait in the common pond snail (Radix balthica). This species is known to develop a predator induced shell shape when exposed to cues of predatory fish such as the crucian carp (Carassius carassius). My aim was to investigate if this snail species would have a higher level in expressed predator induced shell shape i

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is increasingly required of companies. However, CSR at state owned enterprises(SOEs)has not received much attention in the CSR literature. This thesis has the objective to add to knowledge on CSR of Icelandic SOEs. The objective led to three research questions: Q1. How do internal and external factors, affect the implementation and communication of CSR at stat

Denna uppsats undersöker ämnesval samt i viss mån metodik och teoretisk utgångspunkt inom en avgränsning bland en mängd kandidatuppsatser inom disciplinen förlagskunskap i utbildningen Förlags- och bokmarknads­kunskap. I undersökningen finns ett resonemang kring dessas yrkes­inriktning och hur uppsats­skribenterna gestaltar detta genom de fokus som deras uppsatser tar. Undersökningen tar också fasThis paper examines the subject matters and to some extent, methodology and theoretical basis within a selection of bachelor papers in the discipline Publishing Studies in the course Förlags- och bokmarknads­kunskap [Editing, publishing and the bookmarket]. The study contains a discussion about the discipline's role as professional preparatory and how the bachelors portray this through the foc

Urban agriculture is promoted as a tool to meet goals of social sustainability. Although urban agriculture as a whole is a large sector of gardening and farming activities within and near urban areas and social sustainability is most affiliated with how the urban environment has been built to foster opportunities to pursue a “good life” for citizens. This thesis contributes to the application of t

Significant positive and negative consequences across the entire spectrum of issues are expected from the much debated Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). This study investigates thoroughly the potential consequences for the education sector based on primary sources of the EU’s objectives and reflections for the TTIP negotiations. It approaches the possible consequences from the

In Sweden, municipalities are key players in the environmental work to achieve the ambitious energy and climate goals that are set. For Sweden to be able to meet the national environmental targets that are set to 2020 requires that all the actors in Sweden cooperate. For citizens, these goals mean that lifestyle changes are required, which includes consumption, transport and the use of resources.

Living in a world, where constantly growing energy consumption and climate change are issues of increasing concern, it is necessary to decrease fossil fuel consumption and promote more sustainable ways of gaining energy, such as renewables (IPCC, 2007). Poland as a member of the European Union was obliged to comply with European policies and increase its share of renewable energy by 2020. However,

High­dynamic­range imaging (HDR) är en mängd tekniker som används för att producera bilder med mer detaljer i både mörka och ljusa områden jämfört med ett traditionellt foto. Ett sätt att göra HDR på är att sätta ihop bilder med olika mängd ljus i sig. Problem uppstår dock om kameran rör på sig mellan bilderna eller föremål i bilderna flyttar på sig.This thesis discuss how to use mutual information in differently exposed images to improve noise reduction. It also investigates how one can create an high dynamic range (HDR) image from multiple differently exposed images taken with a handheld camera while simultaneously cope with the problems this approach introduces. The proposed method and workflow in this thesis is based on the non-local mea

This thesis studies ALM-institutions, archives, libraries and museums, together as well as separate entities, from the perspective of digital game preservation. How do game preservationists view ALM-institutions? Since digital games are part of our modern day cultural heritage, should they be part of general cultural heritage preservation strategies, and therefore the responsibility of ALM-institu

Idag vill man effektivisera användningen av geografiska informationssystem (GIS), vilket uppmuntrar järnvägsförvaltningarna att centralisera sina data. Därför hämtar de både geografiska och schematiska framställningar från samma databas. Men, en svårighet som möter Trafikverket är att olika representationer (geografiska och schematiska) måste uppdateras separat, vilket innebär större kostnader ochToday, one of the needs of the railway information systems is sharing the precise and exact data among varieties of stakeholders. In addition, efficient use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) encourages the railways administrations to centralize their data and prepare an information model whose purpose is to reduce the demands associated with the transformation of the data. One such reducti

A combination of an algorithm development with a case study, using data from the sales of the year 2009 from the studied e-commerce fashion company, provided several propositions to enhance customer value for this company. The propositions formulated address customer purchasing and returning behavior changing over time and influencing future behavior of the e-commerce customers, impacting the prof

In this study I contribute with a perspective of how the European Emission Trading System (EU ETS) has affected the measures to reduce the emissions of carbon emissions in the trading sector in Skåne. To evaluate the effects of EU ETS and see if it has led to emission reductions in Skåne, I have conducted interviews with representatives from each sector and made a complementary web survey with the

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament injury is a common knee injury and the treatment may be surgical and/or conservative. Different studies have shown surgical and conservative treatment, respectively, as the best intervention. Therefore it is uncertain which treatment is preferable. When searching in PubMed, no articles were found describing the thoughts and experiences of orthopedists and phy

Titel: Fysioterapeuters upplevelser av framgångsfaktorer vad gäller att motivera patienter till FaR® Bakgrund: Fysisk inaktivitet är en av de främsta orsakerna till ohälsa och medför stora samhälls- och sjukvårdskostnader. Fysisk aktivitet på recept, FaR®, är en metod som syftar till att främja goda levnadsvanor och fysisk aktivitet. Motiverande samtalsteknik för att uppmuntra till, och upprätthå

Bakgrund: Fotboll är en av världens största idrotter och i Sverige står fotbollen för ca en tredjedel av den samlade svenska idrottsrörelsen. Andelen damfotbollsspelare ökar ständigt. Man har sett att damfotbollsspelare löper en ökad risk för att drabbas av knäskador och då framförallt främre korsbandsskada. Denna skada är allvarlig då den innebär stora konsekvenser för både spelaren och samhället