Hallmarks of type 2 diabetes (T2D) include elevated blood glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs) as a result of impaired β cell insulin secretion and decreased β cell mass. The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β cells is triggered by depolarization-evoked Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels. The majority of CaV channels are believed to reside in cholesterol-rich membran

It has long been known that humans use the focus of expansion (FOE) in a radial optic flow pattern to perceive their instantaneous direction of self-motion (heading). Here we report that motion-streak-like form information is also used for heading perception. We presented observers with an integrated form and motion display in which the dot pairs of a radial Glass patterns were oriented toward one

Can financial institutions and markets enhance the discipline imposed by competitive product markets and thus improve resource allocation in the real economy? We address this question in the context of international trade, using disaggregated product-level data from 71 countries exporting to the USA. We show that exported products exit the US market sooner if they stand far away from the exporting

This study estimates the causal effect of receiving additional paid vacation days on health. Using register data on the universe of central government employees in Sweden, I exploit an age-based rule stipulated in the collective agreement covering these employees. Identification is achieved by combining a regression discontinuity with a difference-in-differences design to control for time-invarian

Olfaction presents a particularly interesting arena to explore abstraction in language. Like other abstract domains, such as time, odours can be difficult to conceptualize. An odour cannot be seen or held, it can be difficult to locate in space, and for most people odours are difficult to verbalize. On the other hand, odours give rise to primary sensory experiences. Every time we inhale we are usi

Since its first appearance in the novel La Place de l’étoile (1968), the motif of the police van (panier à salade) has never stopped showing up in Modiano’s works. This article focusses on the scene with the police van in seven novels, in order to show its obsessional character. The analysis shows that the police van appears in a scenario which the reader recognizes from one novel to another, desp

Att arbeta som sjuksköterska innebär traditionellt ett yrke där man möter och vårdar människor. Oftast patienter, men mötena under en arbetsdag kan också vara anhöriga eller andra vårdprofessioner. Under senare år har yrket förändrats och idag finns allt fler digitala teknologier inblandade i det dagliga arbetet. En del av det arbete som tidigare utfördes i vårdmöten med patienten och ibland denne

Purpose Autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin (OPG) have been associated with osteoporosis. The aim was to develop an immunoassay for OPG autoantibodies and test their diagnostic usefulness of identifying women general population with low bone mineral density. Methods Included were 698 women at mean age 55.1 years (range 50.4–60.6) randomly selected from the general population. Measurement of wri

A gradual restriction in lineage potential of multipotent stem/progenitor cells is a hallmark of adult hematopoiesis, but the underlying molecular events governing these processes remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified robust expression of the leukemia-associated transcription factor hepatic leukemia factor (Hlf) in normal multipotent hematopoietic progenitors, which was rapidly downr

Photofragmentation of gas-phase acetamide and acetic acid clusters produced by a supersonic expansion source has been studied using time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the partial ion yield (PIY) technique combined with tunable vacuum-ultraviolet synchrotron radiation. Appearance energies of the clusters and their fragments were experimentally determined from the PIY measurements. The effect of c