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We have found necessary and sufficient conditions for the n-particle density to be N-representable for infinite A, if n is even. There are some mild restrictions on the one-density for these conditions to apply. The method is based on the Mercer expansion theorem. We suggest a simple method for total energy calculations based on this characterization also if the number of particles is finite. (c)
We demonstrate high contrast quantum interference between one-photon and three-photon absorption pathways in an organic solid at room temperature. Illumination of a thin polymer film activated with fluorescing dendrimer chromophores of large three photon absorption cross section with two simultaneous femtosecond pulses at near-IR frequency. and its third harmonic UV frequency 3. results in a spati
A peripheral nerve injury has a profound impact on the patient’s life and such an injury causes high costs for society. A peripheral nerve injury is a very complex injury because it involves both peripheral and central components of the nervous system all the way from targets at muscle and skin receptors up to the brain. In the neuron and its supporting cells—mainly Schwann cells—there are numerou
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ljusets minsta kända beståndsdelar kallas fotoner. Enligt kvantmekaniken har dessa egenskaper som normalt förknippas med vågor och samtidigt sådana egenskaper som normalt förknippas med partiklar. Partikelegenskaperna tar sig uttryck i att den minsta mängd ljus som går att mäta är den mängd som motsvaras av en foton. Vågegenskaperna, å andra sidan, visar sig i interfereIn this thesis, aspects of the use of cryogenically cooled rare-earth-ion-doped crystals in the fields of quantum optics and quantum information processing are addressed. The experiments and theoretical considerations referred to in this thesis are based on the coherent transient interaction between light and the ions in the crystals. A photon echo experiment has been performed where faint optica
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Amerindians are blood group O, but the distribution of the various O alleles is unknown. Their ABO genotypes were compared with samples from other Brazilian ethnic groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genomic DNA was examined by PCR-RFLP analysis, PCR-SSP and direct sequencing. RESULTS: An unusual allele distribution was found, with 91% of the O alleles being O1variant. Almost
This study was performed to elucidate circulatory changes in the fetal cerebral circulation during uncomplicated labor and in early neonatal life. Eighteen healthy term singleton fetuses were followed longitudinally during labor. Using the transabdominal approach, and the color Doppler technique, the middle cerebral artery was identified and Doppler flow velocity waveforms recorded between and dur
The aim of the study was to identify mechanisms acting at internal frost destruction of concrete. By 'internal frost destruction' is meant damage caused inside concrete that is moisture insulated from the surroundings, i.e. when no moisture exchange with the surroundings is possible during freeze-thaw. Thus, the aim was not to investigate destruction processes (scaling) taking place at the surface
Popular Abstract in Swedish Varför lyckas EU-länderna allt oftare agera gemensamt i frågor som rör internationell fred och säkerhet? Genom att först visa hur volymen och innehållet i Unionens gemensamma utrikes- och säkerhetspolitik har expanderat sedan 1970, närmar sig denna studie ovanstående fråga från tre olika vinklar: Är det först och främst gradvisa institutionella förändringar som möjliggjIt is difficult for states to cooperate on issues related to international peace and security. Yet, ever since 1970, the EU member states have succeeded to gradually intensify their foreign policy cooperation and increasingly act in unison towards the rest of the world. This PhD thesis seeks an explanation to this trend. It does so by initially painting a picture of when, in time, the volume and c
During normal cooking of meat, a class of mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds called heterocyclic amines is formed. Heterocyclic amines are rapidly absorbed and metabolised in the human body, and for estimation of the intake of heterocyclic amines, it is useful to determinate their levels in the urine. Blue Chitin columns were used for the extraction and purification of heterocyclic amines from urine
The complex [(IMesH2)(PPh2Cy)Cl2RuCHPh] was synthesised and shown to be an active catalyst in ring-closing metathesis of a diallylmalonate. Its phosphine exchange was investigated in C6D6 using magnetisation transfer 31P NMR spectroscopy and it was found to operate via a dissociative mechanism with k353 = 4.1 ± 0.9 s−1, ΔH‡ = 84 ± 10 kJ mol−1 and ΔS‡ = 4 ± 28 J mol−1 K−1.
Antibody microarray is a novel technology that will allow us to efficiently perform global proteome analysis. Performing rapid and multiplexed analysis on complex proteomes, such as human serum, targeting also low-abundant analytes will, however, place high demands upon the microarray design with respect to logistics, specificity and sensitivity. In this study, we have shown that non-purified affi
This paper discusses two feasibility studies of Genetic Programming (GP) to the field of control theory, GP being a method inspired from nature where the goal is to create a computer program automatically from high-level statements of problems' requirements. The first feasibility study derives from stability theory and deals with evolving a program that can solve discrete-time Lyapunov equations.
The difference between the resolvents of two selfadjoint extensions of a certain symmetric operator A is described by Krein's resolvent formula. We will prove an analog of Krein's formula in a general framework, apply it to extensions theory, and give a straightforward proof of Krein's formula including the case that A is not necessarily densely defined. We will also present a modification of Krei
This work was conducted to study the potential of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the removal of oestradiol at trace concentrations (1 ppm - 1 ppb). An MIP synthesised with 17 beta-oestradiol as template was compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIP) synthesised under the same conditions but without template, a commercial C18 extraction phase and granulated activated carbon. At 1 ppb,oestr
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae screening strain was designed by combining multiple genetic modifications known to improve xylose utilization with the primary objective of enhancing xylose growth and fermentation in xylose isomerase (XI)-expressing strains. Strain TMB 3045 was obtained by expressing the XI gene from Thermus thermophilus in a strain in which the GRE3 gene coding for aldose reductase was
