The small intestinal lamina propria contains large numbers of IFNγ-producing T helper (Th1) cells that play important roles in intestinal homeostasis and host defense, but the mechanisms underlying their development remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Th1 cells accumulate in the SI-LP after weaning and are maintained there long term. While both Th17 and Th1 cell accumulation in the

The longitudinal motion of the arterial wall, that is, the displacement of the arterial wall along the artery, parallel to blood flow, is still largely unexplored. The magnitude and nature of putative changes in longitudinal motion of the arterial wall in response to physical activity in humans remain unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to study the longitudinal motion of the carotid arte

I dagens historieteoretiska diskussion framstår ’historieantropologi’ som ett udda eller anakronistiskt begrepp som sällan används. Samma förhållande gäller ’filosofisk antropologi.’ I nordamerikansk litteratur används ’antropologi’ synonymt med ’socialantropologi’, utan att skillnaden mot annan antropologi noteras. Trots den intensiva diskussionen kring den antropocena tidsåldern som den nya eran

To study the effects of uncertainty in autonomous motion planning and control, an 8-DOF model of a tractor-semitrailer is implemented and analyzed. The implications of uncertainties in the model are then quantified and presented using sensitivity analysis and closed-loop simulations. The study shows that different model parameters are more or less critical depending on the investigated scenario. U

The two perspectives of autonomous driving and new active safety in vehicles are complementary, and both hold promise to reduce the number of accidents and associated severe or fatal injuries. They both coincide in the recent interest in finding alternatives to traditional yaw-control systems that can utilize the full potential of the vehicle. By considering the control problem as that of lane-kee

A formulation of an offline motion-planning method for avoidance maneuvers based on a lane-deviation penalty function is proposed,which aims to decrease the risk of a collision by minimizing the time when a vehicle is outside of its own driving lane in the case ofavoidance maneuvers. The penalty function is based on a logistic function. The method is illustrated by computing optimal maneuversfor a

To decrease the complexity of motion-planning optimizations, a segmentation and merging strategy for maneuvers is proposed. Maneuvers that are at-the-limit of friction are of special interest since they appear in many critical situations. The segmentation pointsare used to set constraints for several smaller optimizations for parts of the full maneuver, which later are merged and compared withopti

From the basis of optimal control, a closed-loop controller for autonomous vehicle maneuvers at-the-limit of friction is developed.The controller exploits that the optimal solution tends to be close to the friction limit of the tires.This observation allows for simplifications that enable the use of a proportional feedback control in the control loop,which provides a smooth trajectory promising fo

In situ X-ray diffraction was employed to gain insight into the tensile deformation behavior of harmonic structure (HS) nickel. HS consists of a continuous network of fine grains encompassing islands of coarse grains. With the aid of a newly developed separation algorithm, the X-ray diffraction signals from coarse and fine grains were analyzed separately. Using line profile analysis, the evolution

This open access book deals with the role of written texts in an increasingly diverse and dynamic society, bringing together a series of studies anchored in the Scandinavian research tradition of sakprosa, which roughly translates as ‘subject-oriented prose’ or ‘professional communication’. The authors examine the written text’s capacity to transcend contextual boundaries, as a crucial factor in t

På aktiebolags bolagsstämmor fastställs föregående räkenskapsårs resultat- och balansräkningar. Bolagsledningar frågas ut och granskas av aktieägarna och hålls ansvariga för sina handlingar. Styrelseledamöter, revisorer och valberedningar väljs, och beslut fattas om vinstutdelningar. Men bolagsstämmor är så mycket mer. De är fulla av symboler och känslor som kan lära oss något om den finansiella e