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BACKGROUND: The 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that alum-formulated GAD65 (GAD-alum) can preserve beta-cell function in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. METHODS: We studied 334 patients, 10 to 20 years of age, with type 1 diabetes, fasting C-peptide levels of more than 0.3 ng per milliliter (0.1 nmol per li
In order to understand the ecological effects of climate change it is essential to forecast suitable areas for species in the future. However, species' ability to reach potentially suitable areas is also critical for species survival. These 'range-shift' abilities can be studied using life-history traits related to four range-shift stages: emigration, movement, establishment, and proliferation. He
In this paper, we introduce the concept of spatially coupled turbo-like codes (SC-TCs) as the spatial coupling of a number of turbo-like code ensembles. In particular, we consider the spatial coupling of parallel concatenated codes, introduced by Berrou et al., and that of serially concatenated codes (SCCs), introduced by Benedetto et al. Furthermore, we propose two extensions of braided convoluti
This paper aims to contribute to the knowledge on how the concept of ‘collaboration’ is being produced and reproduced – and filled with meaning – as it is articulated in news content and opinion articles about the organisation of knowledge production within higher education in Sweden. We build on a textual analysis on the public discussion in the aftermath of the announcement of the research polic
This dissertation acknowledges that accountability of educators for the grades they assign is a part of the foundation for a meritocratic society, based on fairness in judging merit and, therefore, in assigning grades. In this view, any grade obtained by any student must be both reliable and valid. This, in turn, implies that the process of assessment of students’ work on which the grade is based
Brain pericytes not only maintain the anatomical, biochemical and immune blood-brain barrier, but display features of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. MSCs have pro-regenerative properties attributed to their secretome. However, whether also brain pericytes possess such pro-regenerative capacities is largely unknown. Here we characterize the secretome and microvesicle (MV) release of human
A 2009 G20 official document stated that the era of banking secrecy is over but is it? If banking secrecy is the result of market mechanisms, it suggests that worldwide demand and supply are likely to remain for a long time to come. Since the Global Financial Crisis, many countries have fought to combat banking secrecy, yet it permeates both national and international industries, and global effort
We present our successful efforts to improve intuitive programming of synchronized dual-arm operations in industrialrobotic assembly tasks. To this end we extend an earlier proposed skill representation (based on our work with ontologies for industrial robots) and our respective programminginterface to integrate options for the specification, adaptationand refinement of synchronization points, syn
Endohedral lanthanide ions packed inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a one-dimensional assembly have been studied with a combination of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). By correlating HRTEM and STXM images we show that structures down to 30 nm are resolved with chemical contrast and
This study analyses cross-border capital flows in order to verify the existence and direction of the effect of the soft regulation promoted by international organizations against banking secrecy which characterized the so called tax and financial heavens. This effect is called in the literature Stigma Effect, but both the existence and the direction of the stigma effect are far from being obvious.
Prior research established that simultaneously holding discrepant explicit (deliberate, controlled) and implicit (automatic, uncontrolled) self-esteem gives rise to self-enhancing behaviours. Given that individuals tend to enhance their self-concepts with brands that are associated with positive identities, this study examined whether self-esteem discrepancy was related to the extent to which indi
I present an alternative to a widely used item-bias analysis procedure known as the ANOVA method. The new method is based on the Johnson-Neyman procedure, which is a multiple regression-based technique with properties that can overcome the major weaknesses of the ANOVA method. I introduce the proposed procedure in a non-technical manner, provide an illustrative example, and suggest guidelines for
