Technical developments for the detection of formaldehyde using laser-induced fluorescence were presented. A technique for simultaneous detection of formaldehyde and OH using one laser system was presented. The combined formaldehyde and OH technique was applied in laboratory flames and a small spark-ignition engine. The iodine measurement was performed in a cell using the second harmonic of the sin

This paper presents technical developments for the detection of formaldehyde (CH2O) using laser-induced fluorescence. The easily accessible third harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm was used for excitation of formaldehyde. In order to investigate potential background fluorescence, e.g., from large molecules such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons, special attention was paid to investigating the possi

Ammonia (NH3) is a sustainable fuel with excellent emission characteristics. Hence, it is important to develop diagnostic techniques for NH3 combustion. In this paper, femtosecond laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (FLIPS) was performed in premixed NH3∕air flames. The plasma emission spectra induced by the femtosecond laser in the flame and the chemiluminescence spectra of the flame itself were bot

Plastic litter is a growing environmental problem. Recently, microplastics and nanoplastics, produced during breakdown processes in nature, have been in focus. Although there is a growing knowledge concerning microplastic, little is still known about the effect of nanoplastics. We have showed that mechanical breakdown of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), followed by filtration through 0.8 µm filte

Lysine acetylation is a widespread posttranslational modification (PTM) in all kingdoms of live. A large number of proteins involved in most of biological pathways are targets of this PTM. The lysine acetylation is a reversible modification controlled by two main groups of enzymes, lysine acetyltransferases responsible for transferring the acetyl group of acetylCoA to the side chain of lysine resi

Introduction: The prognostic value of angina during exercise stress testing is controversial, possibly due to previous studies not differentiating typical from non-typical angina. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of typical angina alone, or in combination with ST depression, during exercise stress testing for predicting cardiovascular events. Methods: We conducted a prospective observationa

The goal of our research is the construction of efficient Jacobian-free preconditioners for high order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretizations with implicit time integration. We are motivated by three-dimensional unsteady compressible flow applications, which often result in large stiff systems. Implicit time integrators overcome the impact upon restrictive CFL conditions on explicit ones but

A text may be seen as the result of input from the external world and human internal aspects on it. The paper shows how the same event — a submarine following a trawler — may give rise to different types (genres) of text, e.g., a report on the facts, an evaluation of the facts, a summary of the most important features against the background of previous events, or a mixture of some or all of these.

The health benefits of bean consumption are widely recognized and are largely attributed to the dietary fiber content. This study investigated and compared the effects of whole brown beans and an isolated bean dietary fiber fraction on the plasma lipid profile, atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and microbiota-dependent metabolites (cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and plasma meth

Objective. To analyse how the main components of the disease phenotype (sicca symptoms, diagnostic tests, immunological markers and systemic disease) can be driven by the age at diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Methods. By January 2021, the participant centres had included 12,753 patients from 25 countries that fulfilled the 2002/2016 classification criteria for pSS. The age at diagn

Many jurisdictions have broadened the scope of criminalized sexual violence through the introduction of consent-based models. At the same time, measures have been taken in regards to the subjective elements for criminal liability in answer to a common defence in rape cases: namely, that the defendant lacked knowledge of the other person’s lack of consent. While some jurisdictions have introduced l

Aim: Identifying how climate change, habitat loss, and corridors interact to influence species survival or extinction is critical to understanding macro-scale biodiversity dynamics under changing environments. In North America, the ice-free corridor was the only major pathway for northward migration by megafaunal species during the last deglaciation. However, the timing and interplay among the lat