The transport sector is facing serious challenges in meeting long-term sustainability criteria. Radical changes in the design of vehicles to attain competitive vehicles with substantially better environmental performance will probably constitute an important part in a future sustainable transport sector. The aim of the study described in this thesis is to assess the long-term options currently und

Indolyl substituted pyranyl- and cyclohexenyl molybdenum complexes were synthesised through stereoselective nucleophilic addition of indoles to the corresponding cationic 2H-pyran or cyclohexadiene molybdenum complex. Decomplexation of an allylic molybdneum complex by treatment with iodine gave 1-(4-iodo-2-cyclohexenyl)-1H-indole-3-carbonitrile in high regio-selectivity. A new method for preparati

There is increasing evidence that short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) formed by colonic fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates have beneficial physiological effects. Butyric acid is the main energy substrate for the colonic mucosa and has been implicated as important in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the colonic mucosa, such as distal ulcerative colitis and cancer. Propionic acid, on t

Utilities, such as steam and cooling water, are often shared between several production areas at industrial sites, and the effects of disturbances in utilities could thus be hard to predict. In addition, production areas could be connected because of the product flow at the site. This paper introduces a simple modeling approach for modeling the relation between utility operation and production. Us

This poster concerns the articulation of uvular consonants with particular reference to quantal aspects of speech production. Data from X-ray motion films are presented. Two speakers of Southern Swedish give examples of [R], and one speaker of West Greenlandic Inuit gives examples of [R] and [q]. Traditionally, uvular consonants are said to be produced by articulating the dorsum against the uvula.

During the last decades anthropogenic aerosol particles have attracted much attention due to their adverse health effects and their influence of climate change, and in Sweden, there are mainly three aerosol sources that affect the air quality; domestic wood combustion, traffic, and long distance transport, which includes new particle formation. This work concerns the characterization of these sour

The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze debates around and changes in knowledge production and medical practices of childbirth between 1960 and 1985 in Sweden. The roles of the different actors involved, such as physicians, midwives, the National Board of Health and Welfare, the women’s movement and politicians are studied in four main contexts: medical practice and debate, the Swedish Parli

Accidents and injuries caused by electricity are work environment risks for electricians. About a 100 cases are reported annually to the Swedish Work Environment Authority. The safety culture at the electricians’ workplaces can affect the successfulness of safety management and the prevention of injuries. This paper presents preliminary questionnaire and interview findings on the perceived workpla

The organisational network of global environmental governance (GEG) mirrors the complexity of the planet's manifold and overlapping ecosystems. Bursting onto the international stage in the 1970s, environmental issues began to be addressed by a series of new international organisations, most of them affiliated with the United Nations. Some of them, such as the United Nations Environment Programme (

The subject of this thesis is the clinical use of the oesophageal electrode in electrocardiology. The three areas covered are oesophageal electro- cardiography, the biophysics of transoesophageal atrial stimulation (TAS) and the clinical utility of TAS. The literature is reviewed with respect to these areas. TAS was performed in 64 patients with documented supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) or a

This report presents the findings of of the "Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) : Climate Change and the Cryosphere" assessment, the third AMAP assessment on arctic climate issues and a follow-up on the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA) published in 2005. The assessment was conducted between 2008 and 2011 by over 200 scientists, experts, and members of Native groups, and b

The objective of this study was to evaluate how Swedish parents regard their children’s participation in meals. Taped interviews with 62 parents, responsible for meals at home, were transcribed and evaluated. This article is restricted to the 21 middle-class families in the group. Through analysis of the interviews, we evaluated how middle-class parents set out to mediate a certain approach to foo

This paper introduces means for fatigue damage rates estimation using Laplace distributed multiaxial loads. The model is suitable for description of stresses containing transients of random amplitudes and locations. Explicit formulas for computing the expected value of rainflow damage index as a function of excess kurtosis are given for correlated loads. A Laplace model is used to describe variabi