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The urgency of addressing the harms of AI chatbots was underscored in the recent US Senate Judiciary Committee hearing, “Examining the Harm of AI Chatbots.” During the hearing, parents of children recounted the harrowing stories of AI chatbot-influenced mental health emergencies, including self-harm and death, harms that were never inevitable. Instead, they were predictable consequences of a lax r
BACKGROUND: While patients with post-COVID syndrome (PCS) suffer from cognitive deficits few studies directly compare patients with PCS to subjects recovered after an infection with the 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)'.OBJECTIVES: To investigate cognitive performance adjusting for age, increasing body-mass-index (BMI), smoking, years of education, gender and hospitali
PurposeBlood culture collection with all bottles filled from a single venipuncture (single-sampling strategy, SSS) is increasingly used. More data on the effects of SSS on blood culture contamination is needed. After combined implementation of SSS and initial specimen diversion (ISDT) in our region, we evaluated the proportion of sampling events with at least four bottles, with growth of relevant
BACKGROUND: In May 2023, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 no longer a public health emergency. Despite successful vaccination campaigns, vaccines provide limited protection against transmission. Since general testing has been abandoned in most countries, alternative population surveillance methods to assess SARS-CoV-2 exposure are needed.METHODS: N-antigen is a protein of the SARS-C
Individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) face an increased risk for severe COVID-19. This study from Sweden, a country that only had a few mandatory restrictions at the onset of the pandemic, used 10 nationwide registers to compare the risks for severe COVID-19 outcomes of polymerase chain reaction-verified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections through
BACKGROUND: There is limited data regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake in people with HIV (PWH) compared to people without HIV (PWoH).METHODS: Swedish nationwide study of individuals born 1930-2003, assessing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake of 1-5 doses by HIV-status from first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (2020-12-27) until 2023-02-23. PWH were categorized by prioritization: clinically vulnerable (CD4+ T-cell
Objectives: To examine the effects of thiopurine exposure during pregnancy on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pregnancies using nationwide data from Swedish healthcare registers. Methods: This register-based cohort study included all singleton pregnancies with prevalent SLE or IBD in Sweden, 2007-2022. Exposure
Background Obesity is increasing among patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but bariatric surgery has been rare in this group owing to concerns about worsening the inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate inflammatory bowel disease-related outcomes following bariatric surgery. Methods Nationwide cohort of all adult patients in Sweden between 2007 and 2020 with obesity
Att säkerställa tillräcklig bärighet för cykelvägar är nödvändigt för att undvika skador. Då de är tunna och smala konstruktioner är de väldigt känsliga för kantskador från passager av tunga fordon. Två viktiga faktorer som påverkar den här skadetypen är bristen på kantstöd och ett ökat fuktinnehåll i de obundna konstruktionslagren. Tre instrumenterade fullskaliga cykelvägskonstruktioner med olikaAssuring sufficient structural stability of cycle paths is important toavoid distress. Being thin and narrow structures, they are highly susceptibleto edge cracking by passings of heavy vehicles. Two importantfactors that affect distress are lack of lateral support at the edgeand increased moisture content in the unbound granular materials.Three full-scale instrumented cycle path structures with d
In early December 2024, South Korea faced a political shock: then-President Yoon Suk-yeol declared martial law late one night—only to lift it just six hours later, following mass protests and a parliamentary backlash. Within a week, he was impeached, and now he and his wife are in prison.
Background: India's agriculture and food sector is the backbone of the nation, sustaining a large portion of the population and contributing to global exports. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) generate the bulk of the world's food despite lacking adequate technological infrastructure and operational standards. This study identifies and evaluates the main blockchain challenges affecting fo
Samhället behöver utvecklas i en hållbar riktning. Ett sätt att bidra till det är att överflytta motoriserade transporter till hållbara färdmedel, som cykling. För att öka cyklingen spelar infrastrukturen en viktig roll och det behövs cykelvägar av bra kvalitet. Det saknas emellertid kunskap om cykelvägarnas nedbrytning. Den här artikeln ämnar undersöka vilken typ av skador som återfinns på svenskThere is a need to move society in a sustainable direction. One way to contribute to this move is to change to more sustainable transport modes, such as cycling. To increase cycling, the infrastructure is important, and good quality cycle paths are needed. However, little is known about the degradation of cycle paths. This paper aims to investigate what modes of pavement distress are found on muni
The reliability of a critical industrial component is decided by the durability of the weakest joint or spot. For applications involving high-temperature operational conditions especially coupled with corrosive environments like fuel cell interconnections, molten metal baths, etc., the joints are the most vulnerable regions for catastrophic failure due to localized material degradation by selectiv
Cyklisters åkkomfort, kopplat till cykelvägens textur och jämnhet, har hittills inte undersökts på ett uttömmande vis. Det beror delvis på att det saknas tillståndsbedömningsmetoder som är speciellt utvecklade för cykelvägarnas lägre hastighetsgränser och begränsade utrymme. Det behövs textur- och jämnhetsmått som passar cyklisters, och inte bilisters, upplevda åkkomfort. I den här artikeln presenCyclists’ riding comfort, related to pavement texture and unevenness, has not been thourougly investigated, partly due to the lack of condition assessment methods specifically adapted to the speed and space limits on cycle paths. Metrics that better describe the perceived comfort of cyclists, rather than that of car users, are needed. In this paper a novel method, the Bicycle Measurement Trailer (
How to estimate the economic returns of public science is a longstanding but equally challenging topic in quantitative science studies. In this paper, we exploit the staggered foundation of the SENAI Innovation Institutes (ISI) in Brazil since 2012 to estimate their effects on GDP using a difference-in-differences (DiD) approach. Building on historical and institutional insights from interviews on
Ett vanligt problem på cykelvägar är kantsprickor, vilka påverkar trafiksäkerheten och framkomligheten för cyklister negativt och bidrar till ökade underhållskostnader. Cykelvägarna är extra känsliga för den här problematiken då de både är tunnare och smalare än bilvägar. Ett par passager av tunga fordon vid ogynnsamma tidpunkter kan räcka för att cykelvägens kant ska knäckas. Bärförmågan hos åttaA recurrent challenge on cycle paths are edge cracks, which affect the traffic safety and accessibility of cyclists and produce high maintenance costs. Being both structurally thinner and narrower structures than roads, the cycle paths are extra prone to this problem. A few passages of heavy vehicles in unfavourable conditions might be enough to break the edge. The load-bearing capacity of eight m
Introduction: Patients with severe haemophilia A (HA) with no family history of haemophilia will be diagnosed upon their first bleeding event. Methods: Herein, we studied the effects of lack of family history in HA and the subsequent delay of diagnosis on bleeding pattern and early treatment, as well as on the risk of inhibitor development. For this purpose, data on 1237 severe HA patients with kn
This paper reports on lessons learned during the design of the vessels, including the risk assessments; during the actual build/retrofit; and during the vessels’ operation. The focus is on the gained knowledge, to serve as proofs of concept and as a starting point for other methanol vessel conversions.
