Trots att 1985 års produktansvarsdirektiv varit i kraft i snart 40 år har det ansetts som ett effektivt och relevant instrument. Framväxten av ny teknologi, däribland artificiell intelligens, har dock bidragit till att direktivet brister i vissa hänseenden. EU har nu antagit ett nytt produktansvarsdirektiv, som ersätter 1985 års direktiv. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur det nya produktAlthough the 1985 Product Liability Directive has been in force for almost 40 years, it has been considered an effective and important instrument. However, the development of new technologies, including artificial intelligence, has revealed certain shortcomings in the directive. EU has now adopted a new Product Liability Directive, which replaces the 1985 directive. This essay aims to analyze how

In 2023, the U.S. Department of State launched the Global Music Diplomacy Initiative, a new diplomatic strategy aimed at utilizing music as a tool for foreign policy. This study aims to examine this music diplomacy initiative by exploring how music can be used as a tool for soft power and as a means of cultural diplomacy. Through a qualitative content analysis of communication material from offici

This essay aims to expand on current knowledge about soft power and public diplomacy by investigating the intersection between gastrodiplomacy, nation branding and narrative analysis. The paper hopes to contribute to the concept development of the still young field of gastrodiplomacy by applying a narrative perspective to a culinary campaign. South Korea’s Korean Cuisine to the World-campaign is i

De första universiteten i Europa grundades i en tid då samhället var strikt hierarkiskt. Det bestod av sammanslutningar, så kallade korporationer, med olika rättigheter och skyldigheter sinsemellan. Universitetet utvecklades till att bli en sådan korporation. Efterhand tillerkändes vissa korporationer privilegier, inledningsvis av den andliga makten och sedan av den värdsliga. Ett av de privilegieThe first universities in Europe were founded during a time when society was strictly hierarchical. It consisted of various associations, so called corporations, each with their own different rights and obligations. The university developed to become such a corporation. Subsequently, certain privileges were granted certain corporations, at first by the spiritual power and later by the worldly powe

Denna uppsats ämnar förstå hur identitet konstrueras hotbilder i politisk instabilitet och vilken roll identitet får vid svårbehandlade konflikter, genom att undersöka den långvariga politiska instabiliteten på Fiji-öarna. Uppsatsen bygger på intervjuer som har som syfte att ge en subjektiv världsåskådning och personliga upplevelser och åsikter. Detta möjliggör för en diskursanalys och genom ett f

Straffinstitutet är svenska statens mest ingripande maktmedel mot sina medborgare, vars legitimitet delvis bygger på att straff anses rättvisa. Historiskt har motiven för att medvetet åsamka lidande genom straffet varierat, men en central idé har alltid varit att straff och klander motiveras av gärningspersonens förtjänst för den begångna gärningen. Denna uppsats undersöker, ur ett moralfilosofisThe institution of punishment is the Swedish state's most intrusive means of power against its citizens, with its legitimacy partly grounded in the notion that punishment is just. Historically, the motives for deliberately inflicting suffering through punishment have varied, but a central idea has always been that punishment and blame are justified by the offender's desert for their commit

This thesis investigates the dynamics of great power involvement in Sudan, focusing on strategic actions and alliances of global powers in the region. The objective of the study is to analyze economic, political and military interests and means in Sudan through the lens of realistic values and beliefs. By utilizing neoclassical realism, the security dilemma and classical geopolitics, this study an

This thesis explores how Sida’s understanding and application of local ownership in Kenya’s development projects have evolved between 2003 and 2023. Using postcolonial theory as a framework, the study examines how historical and structural power dynamics influence the concept and practice of local ownership in the development cooperation and aid relationship between Sweden and Kenya. Through a qua

Recently, the government and its supporting party, the Sweden Democrats, have emphasized the importance of public accountability and extensive legal responsibility for public servants. An investigation directive that proposes an extended criminal liability for public servants was introduced in February 2024, as outlined in the Tidö Agreement. This essay aims to analyze the problem representations

This study examines Qatar’s hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup through the lens of role theory, with a particular focus on role perception, role expectations and role performance. By analysing Qatar's National Vision 2030 and development strategies, as well as international reports and resolutions, the study explores the interplay between Qatar's self-image as a host nation, external expec

This essay investigates the UN's legitimization of the MINUSTAH mission in Haiti and examines how colonial power hierarchies have been reproduced through the mission. By applying a critical discourse analysis (CDA) and Carol Bacchi's WPR-approach, the study analyzes resolutions 1542, 1576, and 1892 to identify the use of language that frames Haiti as an unstable and weak state, depicted as

This thesis is an addition to a constantly ever-evolving field within the developments of the environmental movement. Rooted as case study in the campaign against illegally set wind turbines on Fosen, Norway, where Sámi reindeer herding have been practices for generations. The perspective, however, will fall on the activists from the environmental group Natur og Ungdom, and their efforts to attach

The historical dominance of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan (LDP) is generally regarded as having come to an end around the turn of the century. Some have attributed this dominance to hyper-targeted clientelism enabled by incumbency resource advantages, as K. F Greene’s (2007) resource-theory of single party dominance suggests. As such, the fall of the LDP would be explained by the loss of a

This paper aims to examine UN Resolution 2272 (2016), the Voluntary Compact on Preventing and Addressing Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (2017) and the Special Measures for Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (2024), with a particular focus on the analysis of 'gender mainstreaming' and 'genderwashing', in the UN's actions to address sexual abuse and power imbalances. Th

Climate change constitutes a major collective action problem because it affects all of humanity, and an effective response to it is unlikely if individual actors prioritize their own interests independently. The international community has thus acknowledged that the issue requires a collective response. Climate change has also been considered a common concern of humankind. The concept of common co

Bakgrund: Överlämningar till akutmottagningar är en vanlig arbetsuppgift för ambulanspersonal, där innefattas att lämna över kritiska patienter på ett akutrum. Brister i överlämningssiutionen kan leda till att patientsäkerheten påverkas. Samverkan i team är en kärnkompetens som beskriver behovet av att skapa god kommunikation mellan professioner och genom att kombinera kunskaper och erfarenheter s

Om en utlänning begår ett brott i Sverige kan hen eventuellt ställas inför en utvisning. Samtidigt som det finns ett tydligt samhälleligt intresse av att utvisning ska ske måste brottsligheten vägas mot individens anknytning till Sverige. Vid en oproportionerlig utvisning riskerar Sverige nämligen att kränka individens rätt till privat-och familjeliv enligt artikel 8 EKMR, som Sverige enligt lag äIf a foreign national commits a crime in Sweden, they may potentially face deportation. While there is a clear societal interest in ensuring deportation occurs, the severity of the crime must be balanced against the individual’s ties to Sweden. An excessive or disproportionate deportation risks violating the individual’s right to private and family life under Article 8 of the European Convention o

HP-hjälpen var ett företag som erbjöd sina kunder en tjänst som hjälpte dem att fuska på högskoleprovet. HFD har meddelat prövningstillstånd för ett mål gällande huruvida denna olagliga tjänst ska mervärdesbeskattas. En liknande fråga avgjordes i NJA 2021 s. 99, och frågan har ett flertal gånger avgjorts av EUD. Denna uppsats utgår ifrån rättsdogmatisk och EU-rättslig metod, och undersöker hur EUDHP-hjälpen was a company that offered their customers an illegal service that helped them to cheat on the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test. The Swedish Supreme Administrative Court granted leave to appeal in a case about whether this illegal service should be subject to VAT. A similar question was ruled on in NJA 2021 p. 99, and the question had been subject to several previous rulings by the CJEU

Under senare år har artificiell intelligens blivit alltmer populärt. I samband med det ökade intresset har vi sett nya applikationer för denna teknologin. En ny användning blev att man genom viss AI databaser fick fram vad som kallas för ”generativ AI”. Generativ AI kan skapa olika verk på olika alster efter man givit den instruktioner som kallas ”prompts”. Av intresse för många var hur viss generIn recent years artificial intelligence has risen in popularity. In relation with the increased interest, we have also seen new applications with said technol-ogy. One of those uses are called “generative AI”. Generative AI is able to create different kinds of works through user made instructions referred to as “prompts”. What was of interest to many was the ability of generative AI like “Midjourn

Frågan om hur carried interest ska beskattas har länge varit föremål för både en debatt inom skatteområdet och upprepade prövningar i domstol. Grunden i denna problematik är huruvida den asymmetriska vinstutdelning som uppkommer i riskkapitalfonder, det vill säga carried interest, ska ses som en inkomst av investeringar och därmed beskattas enligt 3:12-reglerna, eller om den i stället ska betraktaThe question of how carried interest should be taxed has long been the subject of both debate within the tax field and repeated court proceedings. The core of this issue is whether the asymmetric profit distribution that arises in private equity fund, carried interest, should be regarded as an income from capital gains and thus be taxed under the rules for close companies, or whether it should ins