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BACKGROUND: The recent systematic adoption of intracameral antibiotic injection during cataract surgery in Sweden, India, and the US serves as a model for the successful transitioning of local quality improvement initiatives to organization-wide implementation. Although the delivery of eye care in the 3 countries is distinctly organized with differing governances and technological infrastructure,
If the primary function of avian-dispersed fruit coloration were the maximization of detectability, then the commonest avian-dispersed fruit colors should be the ones most detectable to birds. We tested this prediction by photographing 63 fruit species primarily dispersed by birds, in situ in Sweden and Australia, with a multispectral camera closely mimicking the predominant spectral sensitivities
OBJECTIVE: To investigate influence of whole-body cooling on cyclic GMP (cGMP) in women with Raynaud's phenomenon and in healthy women.DESIGN: The study was performed as an open, parallel-group comparison between women with Raynaud's phenomenon and healthy women during the winter month of February.SETTING: The municipality of Västerås (Sweden).PARTICIPANTS: The Raynaud group comprised 24 female pa
Large-eddy simulation (LES) of multiple-injection spray combustion under engine-like conditions is performed using a coupled model of an Eulerian stochastic field transported probability density function (ESF T-PDF) and a flamelet generated manifold (FGM). This coupled model allows the use of the T-PDF methods in modeling the interaction of turbulence and chemistry at affordable computational cost
Primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) is characterized by cold- or stress-induced transient attacks of impaired skin circulation in fingers and/or toes. PRP displays seasonal variation with less severe symptoms in the summer. The aetiology has not been clarified. The aims of the present study were (a) to assess the influence of cold exposure on the plasma levels of the nitric oxide (NO) metabolite, n
1. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) is characterized by increased vasoconstrictor tone that develops during exposure to cold. The symptoms are most pronounced during the winter months with low outdoor temperature. The L-arginine-nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP (cGMP) pathway plays an important role in counteracting vasospasm. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the venous cGMP respon
1. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon is characterized by white fingers and toes with impaired perfusion in response to cold or emotional stress. The aetiology has not been clarified. In previous studies we have demonstrated a season-linked inability in women with primary Raynaud's phenomenon to raise their plasma cGMP levels in response to whole-body cooling, suggesting a dysfunction of the L-arginine-
Obesity, and obesity-associated conditions such as hypertension, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, are important risk factors for severe Coronavirus dis-ease-2019 (COVID-19). The common denominator is metaflammation, a portmanteau of metabolism and inflammation, which is characterized by chronically elevated levels of leptin and pro-inflam-matory cytokines. These
To understand better the role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the pathogenesis of primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP), we investigated the basal ET-1 plasma levels and changes after whole-body cooling in healthy women and those with PRP. The study was performed as an open parallel-group comparison during the month of February. The Raynaud group included 21 female patients (mean age 45.3 years, range 21-5
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of the nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine on the airway NO concentration in patients with preeclampsia.METHODS: NO was measured by a noninvasive chemiluminescence technique in air sampled directly from nasal and oral cavities during expiration before and during L-arginine infusion in 9 preeclamptic and 10 control pregnancies. Maternal blood pressure and hear
The present study was designed to test the hypothesis of a diurnal variation of endothelial function. Sixteen healthy, nonsmoking women were studied, each on four occasions during one 24-h period (2:00 PM, 8:00 PM, 2:00 AM, and 8:00 AM). Endothelial function was assessed by ultrasound determinations of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD%) in the brachial artery. FMD% was contrasted with endothelium-i
Background: Opioid overdose related injury or death can be prevented by bystander naloxone administration. For naloxone to be present when and where overdoses occur, opioid prevention education and naloxone distribution (OPEND) must be established on a broad level. This is the 30-month follow-up of the first multi-site naloxone project in Sweden, implemented at 31 sites in the County of Skåne 2018
The potential role of inflammatory mechanisms in the pathophysiology of ischemic brain damage has intensely been discussed. We have recently demonstrated that stroke patients display an intrathecal production of proinflammatory cytokines early after onset of symptoms. IL-1beta, one of these cytokines, stimulates the production of nitric oxide (NO), a potent inflammatory mediator. The aim of the pr
A growing body of evidence points out the potential role of inflammatory mechanisms in the pathophysiology of brain damage in dementia. We have recently demonstrated that patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) display an intrathecal production of proinflammatory cytokines. TNF-alpha, one of these cytokines, leads to the production of nitric oxide (NO), a potent inflamma
Pregnancy, postpartum and menopause are regarded as periods women are more vulnerable to ischaemic events. There are conflicting results regarding stroke risk and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during menopause. Stroke in pregnancy is generally increasing with serious consequences for mother and child; therefore, recommendations for acute treatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or mec
Objective: To compare the efficacy of angioplasty using drug-eluting balloons (DEB) compared with plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) to reduce the rate of restenosis. Methods: This prospective, single-centre, single-blinded, 1:1 randomized, clinical trial enrolled patients that had primary or restenotic lesions in native upper extremity arteriovenous (AV) fistulas or at the graft-venous anastomo
Disability is frequently cited as a reason that Americans do not vote. This article offers legal and policy practitioner perspectives on core challenges people with disabilities face in exercising their voting rights in the United States, from obtaining election information to casting their ballots. Drawing on our collective experience-which includes professional experience as advocates working to
Transgenerational inheritance of environmentally induced epigenetic marks can have significant impacts on eco-evolutionary dynamics, but the phenomenon remains controversial in ecological model systems. We used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of individual water fleas (Daphnia magna) to assess whether environmentally induced DNA methylation is transgenerationally inherited. Genetically identical
