This paper discusses unfortified thirteenth century palaces in Sweden. The palaces were unfortified already when built, and never became fortified before being abandoned. The palaces are analysed in relation to a power-grammar of architectural properties as well as the capitalization of the use of the past. It is argued that the absence of fortifications was a way for the medieval kings and royal

An agent is morally competent if she can respond to moral considerations. There is a debate about whether agents are open to moral blame only if they are morally competent, and Dana Nelkin’s “Psychopaths, Incorrigible Racists, and the Faces of Responsibility” is an important contribution to this debate. Like others involved in this dispute, Nelkin takes the case of the psychopath to be instructive

Bernard Williams (1929–2003) was one of the great philosophical figures of the second half of the twentieth century. This collection, devoted to Williams’s ethical thought, is divided into two sections. The chapters in the first section deal with Williams’s attempts to explore theoretical options beyond the confines of what he called “the morality system.” These chapters show how, through a critic

Objectives To investigate whether artificial intelligence (AI) can reduce interval cancer in mammography screening. Materials and methods Preceding screening mammograms of 429 consecutive women diagnosed with interval cancer in Southern Sweden between 2013 and 2017 were analysed with a deep learning–based AI system. The system assigns a risk score from 1 to 10. Two experienced breast radiologists

Model programs such as the ‘environmental protection model city’ have become an inherent part of China’s urban environmental governance. The role of these incentive schemes for promoting best practice, however, has been neglected so far. In this study, we show that model city programs raise the bar in terms of environmental standards. What is more, model cities have a positive impact on regional e

This study seeks to explain how Chinese state media bolster the use of visions in global internet governance. The empirical data for the article consists of 1,158 internet related articles published in the Global Times between 2009 and 2018. I develop a theoretical perspective that distinguishes between grand and strategic narratives. Based on a mixed-methods approach, I show that “internet sovere

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans consist of a small family of proteins decorated with one or more covalently attached heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains. These chains have intricate structural patterns based on the position of sulfate groups and uronic acid epimers, which dictate their ability to engage a large repertoire of heparan sulfate-binding proteins, including extracellular matrix prote

Protein-protein interactions are central in many biological processes, but they are challenging to characterize, especially in complex samples. Protein cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry (MS) and computational modeling is gaining increased recognition as a viable tool in protein interaction studies. Here, we provide insights into the structure of the multicomponent human complement syst

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus; GAS) is an important human pathogen responsible for mild to severe, life-threatening infections. GAS expresses a wide range of virulence factors, including the M family proteins. The M proteins allow the bacteria to evade parts of the human immune defenses by triggering the formation of a dense coat of plasma proteins surrounding the bacteria, includi

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies provide strong evidence for a role of endogenous sex hormones in the aetiology of breast cancer. The aim of this analysis was to identify genetic variants that are associated with urinary sex-hormone levels and breast cancer risk.METHODS: We carried out a genome-wide association study of urinary oestrone-3-glucuronide and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide levels in 560

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has been shown to decrease with longer duration of oral contraceptive preparations (OCPs) use. While the effects of OCPs in the general population are well established (∼50% reduction), the estimated risk reduction in mutation carriers is much less precise due to potential bias and small sample sizes. In addition, only a few stud

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. Independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer have identified 16 and 27 risk regions, respectively, four of which overlap between the two cancers. We aimed to identify joint endometrial and ovarian cancer risk loci by performing a meta-analysis of

Chronic prurigo (CPG) is a highly burdensome pruritic disease characterized by chronic itch, a prolonged scratching behavior and the development of localized or generalized hyperkeratotic pruriginous lesions. Neuronal sensitization and the development of an itch-scratch cycle contribute to the augmentation of pruritus and the chronicity of the disease. We provide here the first international guide

Chronic nodular prurigo is characterized by recalcitrant itch. Patient perspectives on therapeutic goals, satisfaction with therapy and efficacy of therapeutic regimens for this condition are unknown. This questionnaire study examined these issues in 406 patients with chronic nodular prurigo from 15 European dermatological centres. Improvements in itch, skin lesions and sleep were the most importa

BACKGROUND: Itch is a common symptom in the general population. Affected individuals often do not seek medical consultation and rely on Internet searches to obtain information regarding their itch.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to attain insights into common concerns of the general population regarding itch can by analysing itch-related Internet search behaviour.METHODS: Google AdWords Keyw

Komplekse demonstrativer består av et definitt element, f.eks. den eller sa, og et deiktisk element som kan betegne det nære (proksimal, f.eks. her) eller det fjerne (distal: der). Slike komplekse demonstrativer tar ulike uttrykk i norsk, ikke minst i dialektene, der vi finner systemer som kan være til dels ganske ulike de to norske standardvarietetene. Vi finner systemer med flere distinksjoner e