Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a potent vasodilator and a neuromodulator implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. It binds to the extracellular domains of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1 that together form the CGRP receptor. Antagonist antibodies against CGRP and its binding site at the receptor are clinically effective in p

A pioneer δ13Corg study through the upper Sandbian and Katian (Upper Ordovician) succession in the Röstånga 1 drill core in the classical geological outcrop area at Röstånga in southernmost Sweden produced a wealth of new carbon isotope data which are useful for local and regional correlations. Among the Upper Ordovician positive δ13C excursions, the Guttenberg (GICE), Waynesville (Saunja), Whitew

Hydrides GdGaHx were obtained by exposing the Zintl phase GdGa with the CrB structure to a hydrogen atmosphere at pressures from 1.5 to 50 bar and temperatures from 50 to 500 °C. Structural analysis by powder X-ray diffraction suggests that conditions with hydrogen pressures in a range between 15 and 50 bar and temperatures below 500 °C afford a uniform hydride phase with the NdGaH1.66 structure (

Background: Ambient air pollution is suspected to cause lung cancer. We aimed to assess the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and lung cancer incidence in European populations. Methods: This prospective analysis of data obtained by the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects used data from 17 cohort studies based in nine European countries. Baseline addres

Aims: To determine whether risk factor changes over 6 years were associated with the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF)among middle-aged men in the Malmo ̈ Preventive Project (MPP) cohort.Methods and results: In total, 5633 men (mean age 47.0 years at baseline) underwent two screening examinations, separated by an average of6 years. The annual rate at which systolic blood pressure (SBP), diasto

It is well-known that [S(x)]^n and [F(x)]^n are the survival function and the distribution function of the minimum and the maximum of n independent, identically distributed random variables, where S and F are their common survival and distribution functions, respectively. These two extreme order statistics play important role in countless applications, and are the central and well-studied objects

In this article, the convergence of quantum mechanical (QM) free-energy simulations based on molecular dynamics simulations at the molecular mechanics (MM) level has been investigated. We have estimated relative free energies for the binding of nine cyclic carboxylate ligands to the octa-acid deep-cavity host, including the host, the ligand, and all water molecules within 4.5 Å of the ligand in th

In order to prevent payload module from overheating or to be burnt up by large aerodynamic heating, a Thermal Protection System (TPS) with high performance is necessary to maintain normal work during flights. Actively cooled thermal protection systems become more and more popular with their advantages in flexible design, high cooling capability and reutilization. In the present research, an active

Two new diastereomeric lignan amides (4 and 5) serving as dimeric caffeic acid-l-DOPA hybrids were synthesized. The synthesis involved the FeCl3-mediated phenol oxidative coupling of methyl caffeate to afford trans-diester 1a as a mixture of enantiomers, protection of the catechol units, regioselective saponification, coupling with a suitably protected l-DOPA derivative, separation of the two dias

Molecular dynamic simulation of nanosized single-crystal copper beams loaded in tension at different strain rates until necking has been performed for two different crystallographic orientations, the [100]- and the [110]-orientations. The molecular dynamics freeware code LAMMPS was employed for the simulations. It was found that, at low enough strain rates, single necking was obtained for both cryMolecular dynamic simulation of nanosized single-crystal copper beams loaded in tension at different strain rates until necking has been performed for two different crystallographic orientations, the [100]- and the [110]-orientations. The molecular dynamics freeware code LAMMPS was employed for the simulations. It was found that, at low enough strain rates, single necking was obtained for both cry

The fish feed production industry requires reliable methods measuring the physical quality of feed before it is being released to the customer. The Holmen pellet tester (NHP 100) could be adapted for this purpose, but the special characteristics of fish feed require particular care during testing. The aim of the study was to determine the standardized conditions for using the Holmen tester as a to

In multipath routing, maximization of the cardinality K of the disjoint-path set for a given source and destination assuming an upper bound on the differential delay D is one of the key factors enabling its practical applications. In the paper we study such an optimization problem for multipath routing involving maximization of K under the D constraint as the primary objective, and then minimizati

The tensile response under displacement controlled loading of nanosized single crystal Cu beams, solid or holding square shaped through-the thickness voids, have been investigated through 3D molecular dynamics simulations using free-ware LAMMPS [1]. For the same beam size and void height, the void width along the beam length axis was varied. Two different crystallographic orientations were conside

Optimization of channel utilization in wireless networks is typically based on transmission parallelization under signal-to-interference and noise constraint assuming minimum frame-length scheduling. In application scenarios like sensor networks this approach may not be suitable since it does not explicitly consider end-to-end packet delay nor energy consumption. In the paper we propose a mixed-in