Eye movements have been extensively studied in a wide range of research fields. While new methods such as mobile eye tracking and eye tracking in virtual/augmented realities are emerging quickly, the eye-movement terminology has scarcely been revised. We assert that this may cause confusion about two of the main concepts: fixations and saccades. In this study, we assessed the definitions of fixati

Virtual platforms provide benefits to developers in terms of a more rapid development cycle since development may begin before next-generation hardware is available. However, there is a distinct lack of graphics virtualization in industry-grade virtual platforms, leading to performance issues that may reduce the benefits virtual platforms otherwise have over execution on actual hardware. This pape

The objective of this thesis is to investigate the synthesis of well-defined polymer nanohybrid materials bearing desirable functionality via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) for potential bioapplications.SI-ATRP is an excellent controlled radical polymerization (CRP) method for the synthesis of polymer nanohybrid by growing polymer brushes (chains) from an interfac

Radiation from printed millimeter-wave antennas integrated in mobile terminals is affected by surface currents on chassis, guided waves trapped in dielectric layers, superstrates, and the user’s hand, making mobile antenna design for 5G communication challenging. In this paper, four canonical types of printed 28 GHz antenna elements are integrated in a 5G mobile terminal mock-up. Differ

Analytical-scale extraction and chromatography of oils, fats and other liposoluble compounds can be achieved by using supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent. Since the 90's when supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) was a hot topic, this technology has developed into a robust, modern analytical technique that uses any proportions of compressed CO2 mixed with an organic solvent. Supercritical

Water security offers to the local population an adequate quality and quantity of water for health, economy, livelihoods and ecosystems. Hence, achieving basic levels of water security should be a priority in areas where access to fresh water is scarce. The Punata alluvial fan (Bolivia) is a semiarid zone and an important agricultural zone, where the main source of water is groundwater. Therefore,

Objective To measure CSF levels of biomarkers reflecting microglia and astrocytes activation, neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular changes and study their associations with the core biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology (β-amyloid [Aβ] and tau), structural imaging correlates, and clinical disease progression over time. Methods The study included cognitively unimpaired elderly (n = 508),

Here, we report on the growth, electronic, and surface properties of the electron-doped half-Heusler series Co1-xNixTiSb (001) grown by molecular beam epitaxy. High-quality epitaxial growth of thin films is achieved on InP (001) substrates using an InAlAs buffer layer for all nickel concentrations. The semiconductor to metal transition as a function of substitutional alloying was examined using el

Heat transfer on the endwall upstream of the junction of the stator vane/rotor blade with the hub becomes very high due to the vortices generated as a result of an adverse pressure gradient. Control of this high heat transfer is very vital for safe operation of gas turbines. In the present experimental study, a pair of vortex generators is employed to reduce the high heat transfer on the endwall c

Studies of protein−ligand binding often rely on dissolving the ligand in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to achieve sufficient solubility, and then titrating the ligand solution into the protein solution. As a result, the final protein−ligand solution contains small amounts of DMSO in the buffer. Here we report how the addition of DMSO impacts studies of protein conformational dynamics. We used 15N NMR

Background. Preoperative radiotherapy of the pelvic abdomen presents with complications mostly affecting the small bowel. The aim of this study was to define the features of early radiation-induced injury on small bowel. Methods. 54 mice were divided into two groups (36 irradiated and 18 sham irradiated). Animals were placed on a special frame and (in the radiated group) the exteriorized segment o

In this commentary, I will review the latest findings on the Bicoid (Bcd) morphogen in Drosophila, a paradigm for gradient formation taught to biology students for more than two decades. "Seeing is believing" also summarizes the erroneous steps that were needed to elucidate the mechanisms of gradient formation and the path of movement of Bcd. Initially proclaimed as a dogma in 1988 and later incor

Phytoestrogens may influence prostate cancer development. This study aimed to examine the association between prediagnostic circulating concentrations of isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, equol) and lignans (enterolactone and enterodiol) and the risk of prostate cancer. Individual participant data were available from seven prospective studies (two studies from Japan with 241 cases and 503 controls

Background: Parents’ birth experiences affect bonding with their infant, which in turn may influence the child's future health. Parents’ satisfaction with childbirth is multi-dimensional and dependent on both expectations and experiences. Increasing involvement of partners in intrapartum care may lead to an assumption that the birthing couple shares attitudes and expectations of intrapartum care.

Our everyday experiences show that the lack of needed information in various human affairs may give rise to consequences that we would like to avoid – e.g. the 2004 Tsunami in Southeast Asia. However, we still do not have a coherent theoretical body that addresses such experiences of information inadequacy as this changes everything in respect to the current conception of the information society,

When applying conventional immunological assays involving the use of a labeled moiety, sensitivity is gained at the expense of time since equilibrium conditions are a prerequisite for such assays. Since an analysis in this sense may take from several hours to a few days,1,2 much effort has been made lately to shorten the time of assay. This has also (as will be discussed later in the chapter) been

Ferrihydrite (Fh) nanoparticles are omnipresent in nature and often highly mobile because of their colloidal stability. Thus, Fh serves as a vector for iron as well as associated nutrients and contaminants. Here, we demonstrate, using small-angle X-ray scattering combined with cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), that dissolved organic matter (DOM), extracted from a boreal forest soil