Sökresultat

När Försvarare Blir Fördärvare Vårt immunförsvar skyddar oss från infektioner och sjukdomar, och det förändras i och med att vi åldras. En speciell typ av cell går obemärkt förbi tills vi når en hög ålder, råkar ut för infektioner, eller drabbas av autoimmuna sjukdomar. De här cellerna kallas age-associated B cells (ABC) på engelska. Vissa forskare påstår att de har en betydande roll och kan föruAge-associated B cells (ABCs) are a novel subtype of B cells that accumulate with ageing, during infection, and in the progression of autoimmune diseases. Still, their exact phenotype and effector functions remain unknown. In this thesis, we aimed to provide an immunological characterisation of human ABC subsets by phenotyping them before and after in vitro stimulation and evaluating the alteratio

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. There are various studies about the contributing molecular mechanisms, and our recent findings show that the complement inhibitor Cd59 might play a non-canonical role in insulin secretion. Specifically, knock-out of Cd59 greatly inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This, however, can be rescued by t

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial bio polyesters that offer a promising biodegradable alternative to petroleum-derived plastics. This thesis focuses on the production and characterization of medium-chain-length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) by Pseudomonas putida using octanoic acid as a carbon source. The main aim was to optimize key bioprocess parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO),

Charge generation, injection and recombination in quantum dot-sensitized ZnO nanowires was probed using time resolved terahertz spectroscopy. The mobility spectrum at different representative pump-probe delays showed similar behavior during the injection time indicating free charges on the nanowire structures.

We have studied van der Waals contacts of the carotenoid rhodopin glucoside (RG) with the bacteriochlorophyll pigments absorbing at 800 nm (B800) in the crystal structure of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, and the hydrogen positions were determined from quantum chemical calculations at the Hartree–Fock (6-31G) level. We have found strong evidence for hydrogen bonding between the B800 BChl and the

Excited state dynamics of antenna complexes in an LH2-only mutant of the purple bacterium Rb. sphaeroides have been investigated by means of two-color femtosecond spectroscopy combined with computer simulations. Measurements of transient absorption spectra revealed a new spectral band in the stimulated emission region around 880 nm at 6 K. To simulate this new dynamic feature that appears withi

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Two-dimensional femtosecond broadband electronic spectroscopy was used to simultaneously probe parallel pathways of energy transfer in the major light harvesting complex of Photosystem II from plants. Sub-100 femtosecond relaxation between delocalized excitonic states on highly coupled clusters of chlorophylls and several hundred femtosecond to picosecond components of relaxation between clusters

Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy is used to probe electronic couplings and ultrafast dynamics in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. Data and analysis reveal contributions to line-broadening, signatures of weakly- and strongly-coupled chromophores, and pathways of energy transfer.

Liturgical life in today's Catholic Church in the Western world is dominated by women, alt-hough the priesthood remains reserved for men. Conservative critics speak of a feminization of worship life, which is said to be a consequence of the liturgical reform implemented after the Second Vatican Council in the 1960s. This movement gained traction in academic youth circles, and although women also j

HYPOTHESIS: Digestion pathways of plant proteins are of high relevance to optimize bioavailability and allergenicity profiles of sustainable and vegan food products. Understanding the structural breakdown of solid food presents a particular challenge, due to the complexity to realize a good model system suitable for comprehensive multi-technique characterization under realistic conditions.EXPERIME

Hard alumina-based coatings can be applied to cast iron brake discs using a plasma electrolytic aluminating (PEA) process to enhance wear and corrosion resistance and reduce brake particle emissions. This work was first to study the influence of friction wear on corrosion property and then investigate the influence of corrosion on brake particle emissions from cast iron discs through comparison of

This chapter explores the intersection of authenticity, commercialization, and influencer culture in digital fashion media through the case study of Swedish retailer Ellos’ “Made by Women” campaign. Using a qualitative methodology, the study investigates how brands instrumentalize personal narratives to create emotional engagement while serving commercial interests. The findings reveal a paradox o

The transition from batch-wise to integrated continuous manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals has gained significant attention over the past decade. While this concept has been thoroughly studied, there remains significant room for improvement in terms of process automation and real-time monitoring. This study showcases the implementation of an integrated downstream process at a lab scale, operating

The human immune system is influenced by factors such as sex hormones, chromosomes, age, infections, and the environment, leading to distinct immune profiles between individuals and between sexes. Females typically mount stronger immune responses, increasing protection against infections but also susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Testosterone, acting through the androgen receptor (AR), is a k

Enteroviruses are widespread pathogens implicated in acute illness and increasingly linked to chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes. Despite their impact, no FDA-approved antiviral therapies exist for enterovirus infections. Resistance to direct-acting antivirals underscores the need for alternative strategies. Given enteroviruses’ dependence on host machinery, targeting host factors, particula

Complement C3 in control: Pulling the strings behind β-cells in the diabetes scene Complement protein C3 has been discovered to be expressed in the pancreatic β-cells and play crucial roles in their biology regardless of the Immune responses. In my project, I looked into further uncovering the novel roles and intracellular processing of this protein in the β-cells. Complement system is a well-st

Production of Recombinant Antibodies Using Modular Cloning Antibodies are a part of the immune system tasked in recognizing and binding foreign substances, antigens, and recruiting other parts of the immune system to neutralize them. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins consisting of two heavy and two light chains. Both light and heavy chains contribute to the variable and constant regions of the ant