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The relative importance of prior occupancy and of asymmetries in both value of winning and in resource-holding potential for the outcome of animal contests was tested. Bluethroats, Luscinia s. svecica, were offered food ad libitum in the field. Prior to migration, at a moulting site, their weight increased rapidly and peaked after a few days. Lean birds won significantly more interactions than fat
Pulmonary hypertension is frequently seen after lung transplantation. To study how the release of the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor is affected by lung preservation and transplantation, porcine pulmonary arteries were investigated in organ baths. The arteries (1 mm in diameter) were taken from fresh nonperfused lungs (group I), lungs immediately after flush-perfusion with a low-potassium-d
In Europe, 10-20% of all women and 3-10% of all men have experienced sexual abuse before the age of 18, according to surveys. Psychosocial problems are often seen as both short- and long-term consequences of such abuse. Family dysfunction may be seen as both a risk factor for abuse and a result of the disclosure of abuse. The aim of this research was to study how adolescents and adults, sexually a
Cortical pathology, callosal atrophy and axonal loss are substrates of progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we describe cortical, periventricular subcortical lesions and callosal demyelination in relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in SJL mice that are similar to lesions found in MS. Unlike the T-cell infiltrates that peak during acute disease, we found that micro
A stochastic model for the HCCI engine is presented The model is based on the PaSPFR-IEM model and accounts for inhomogeneities in the combustion chamber while including a detailed chemical model for natural gas combustion, consisting of 53 chemical species and 590 elementary chemical reactions. The model is able to take any type of inhomogeneities in the initial gas composition into account, such
Lifetime measurements of the metastable 3d D-2(3/2) level in singly charged calcium were performed using the newly developed violet diode laser operated in an external cavity arrangement. The laser was employed on stored ions at the CRYRING facility to optically pump the resonance line at 397 nm. In combination with laser probing at 866 nm this detection scheme gave the possibility to record the l
Denna artikel är en studie av den narrativa metalepsen i två skilda sammanhang: Unamunos roman "Dimma", som publicerades i Spanien i början av 1900-talet, och Chamoiseaus roman "Biblique des derniers gestes", som publicerades i Frankrike på 2000-talet. Studien visar hur användningen av den narrativa metalepsen förändrats under den period på ett hundra år som skiljer de två romanerna, samtidigt somThis article is a study of the metalepsis in two different contexts: Unamuno's novel "Fog", published in Spain at the beginning of the 20th century, and Chamoiseau's novel "Biblique des derniers gestes", published in France in the 21st century. The study shows how the use of narrative metalepsis has changed during the period of one hundred years that separates the novels, but also some surprising
Using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) we identified 26 unique major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genotypes in 104 water pythons. We observed a significant independent association between reduced blood parasite load (Hepatozoon sp.) and python body length/age, presence of a specific RFLP fragment (C-fragment) and the overall number of fragments. The parasite has a negative impac
The BCS1L gene encodes a chaperone responsible for assembly of respiratory chain complex III (CIII). A homozygous point mutation (232A -> G) has been found as the genetic etiology for fetal growth retardation, amino aciduria, cholestasis, iron overload, lactic acidosis, and early death (GRACILE) syndrome (MIM 603358). Variable phenotypes have been found with other mutations. Our aim was to assess
Despite substantial advances in pre- and postnatal care, the problem of preterm labour continues to be a significant medical, economic and social burden. Globally, it is estimated that 13 million babies are born preterm each year, but the incidence varies substantially between different countries and population groups. In the United States alone, approximately 11% of pregnancies, i.e. 380,000 case
Employment restrictions have been experienced by many people with epilepsy. In many cases, the restrictions are unjustified and based on stigma or a stereotypical image of the person with epilepsy. Unjustifiable restrictions are a form of discrimination and lead to unemployment and underemployment. Unfortunately, much of the research in this area has been difficult to interpret because of differen
Traffic characterization is of great importance in the analysis and dimensioning of modem telecommunication networks. In this paper, the microdynamics of some sets of traffic are investigated. The approach we use to study the microdynamics is Poissonification, which is away of transforming a point process into a Poisson process locally. We want to gain basic knowledge of how the traffic behaves on
Macroporous gels (MGs) with a broad variety of morphologies are prepared using the cryotropic gelation technique, i.e. gelation at subzero temperatures. These highly elastic hydrophilic materials can be produced from practically any gel-forming system with a broad range of porosity extending from elastic and porous gels with pore sizes up to 1.0 mu m to elastic and sponge-like gels with pore sizes
Background: Despite uniform operating techniques, lack of fusion still occurs after ankle arthrodesis. Differences in the biological healing potential may be a factor but the mechanical performance of the arthrodesis construct because of varying bone quality also may be important. Internal compression techniques are preferred because of higher union rates, shorter fusion times, and fewer complicat
Rats and mice with a lower capacity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of allelic polymorphisms in the Ncf1 gene (which encodes neutrophil cytosolic factor 1) are more susceptible to develop severe arthritis. These data suggest that ROS are involved in regulating the immune response. We now show that the lower capacity to produce ROS is associated with an increased number of reduced
We present a new method for rejecting noise from HPLC-MS data sets. The algorithm reveals peptides at low concentrations by minimizing both the chemical and the random noise. The goal is reached through a systematic approach to characterize and remove the background. The data are represented as two-dimensional maps, in order to optimally exploit the complementary dimensions of separation of the pe
