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Organisms use circadian rhythms to anticipate and exploit daily environmental oscillations. While circadian rhythms are of clear importance for inhabitants of tropic and temperate latitudes, its role for permanent residents of the polar regions is less well understood. The high Arctic Svalbard ptarmigan shows behavioral rhythmicity in presence of light-dark cycles but is arrhythmic during the pola
CONTEXT: Understanding factors involved in the rate of C-peptide decline is needed to tailor therapies for type 1 diabetes (T1D). OBJECTIVE: Evaluate factors associated with rate of C-peptide decline after a T1D diagnosis in young children. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Academic centers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 57 participants from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (
BACKGROUND: There are marked geographical variations in the proportion of patients undergoing resection for gastric cancer. This study investigated the impact of resection rate on survival. METHODS: All patients with potentially curable gastric cancer between 2006 and 2017 were identified from the Swedish National Register of Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer. The annual resection rate was calculated
BACKGROUND: Bile duct injury (BDI) is a severe complication following cholecystectomy. Early recognition and treatment of BDI has been shown to reduce costs and improve patients' quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the effect and cost-effectiveness of routine versus selective intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) in cholecystectomy. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis, c
α1-microglobulin (A1M) is found in all vertebrates including humans. A1M was, together with retinol-binding protein and β-lactoglobulin, one of the three original lipocalins when the family first was proposed in 1985. A1M is described as an antioxidant and tissue cleaning protein with reductase, heme- and radical-binding activities. These biochemical properties are driven by a strongly electronega
This study attempts to apply computational methods to the Twitter Election Integrity Datasets in order to derive a basic descriptive overview of this disinformation data, and to suggest some possible routes for developing these methods to address future research questions. The results indicate substantial variations in tweet frequency over time and geographical regions, as well as differences in r
Background: Obesity and associated metabolic conditions impact adipocyte functionality with potential consequences for breast cancer risk and prognosis, but contributing mechanisms remain to be understood. The adipokine receptor adenylyl cyclase-associated protein-1 (CAP1) has been implicated in the progression of breast cancer, but results are conflicting and the underlying molecular mechanisms a
Persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) need to adapt to their progressive disability to achieve and maintain a high degree of life satisfaction (LS), but little is known about the meaning of LS and adaptation. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the meaning of LS and adaptation in persons with PD. Open-ended in-depth interviews were performed with 13 persons diagnosed with PD, 9 w
Nitrogen (N) fertilization in forests has the potential to increase tree growth and carbon (C) sequestration, but it also means a risk of N leaching. Dynamic models can, if the important processes are well described, play an important role in assessing benefits and risks of nitrogen fertili-zation. The aim of this study was to test if the ForSAFE model is able to simulate correctly the effects of
The capacity of an artificial recharge field to alter organic matter and the bacterial flora of surface water was assessed by following changes in bacterial communities and composition of natural organic matter (NOM) over the first meter of infiltration depth. The sampling strategy applied in this study ensured that water samples consisted only of infiltrated water, excluding natural groundwater.
We carried out three choice experiments with 6116 nocturnal lepidopteran individuals (95 species, 7 families, 32 075 counts), each replicated 105 times during the seasons of 2 years. Moths were released indoors at the centre of a 10 × 10 m area with different lamps placed at each corner. In experiment 1, lamps emitted ultraviolet (UV) (peak at 365 nm), blue (450 nm), green (520 nm) or cool white (
Objective. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related to atherosclerosis, preceded by arterial stiffness. We aimed to examine common carotid artery (CCA) biomechanical properties using ultrasound to calculate β stiffness index (indicating arterial stiffness) and, a more recently developed technique, 2-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking st
The overall goal of this article is to demonstrate a state-of-the-art ultrahigh field (UHF) magnetic resonance (MR) protocol of the brain at 7.0 Tesla in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. MS is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating, neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by white and gray matter lesions. Detection of spatially and temporally disseminated T2-hyperintense lesions by the use
Hur mycket naivitet har präglat svenska politiska partier då de trott att de skulle kunna omvända islamister till demokrater och inkludera dem i det sekulära mångkulturella samhället? Hur mycket naivitet har präglat islamister att tro att de skulle kunna erövra Sverige med infiltration inifrån? Kan islamister förvandlas till demokrater samtidigt som de är textbundna till en fundamentalistisk tolkn
Septic shock is the most severe complication of sepsis, being characterized by a systemic inflammatory response following bacterial infection, leading to multiple organ failure and dramatically high mortality. Aquaporin-9 (AQP9), a membrane channel protein mainly expressed in hepatocytes and leukocytes, has been recently associated with inflammatory and infectious responses, thus triggering strong
The aim was to explore the experiences of sexually abused individuals as dental patients. Purposively selected were 13 informants (11 women) aged 19–56. All had experienced sexual abuse as children or adults and memories of this abuse had been triggered and expressed during a dental appointment. They were encouraged to relate in their own words their experiences of the dental appointment. The inte
Background: Sleep disturbance is thought to aggravate acute postoperative pain. The influence of preoperative sleep problems on pain control in the long-term and development of chronic postsurgical pain is largely unknown. Methods: This prospective, observational study aimed to examine the links between preoperative sleep disturbance (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) and pain severity (Brief
