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Det finns tre grundläggande nivåer vid vilken en cell kan reglera mängden av ett visst protein. Den första nivån är i vilken omfattning den kodande delen av en gen transkriberas från DNA till RNA. Den andra delen är i vilken omfattning detta RNA, även kallat messengerRNA (mRNA), translateras till ett färdigt protein. Den tredje och sista delen är i vilken utsträckning detta protein bryts ner. RNA-RNA interference (RNAi) plays a major role in regulation of gene expression in most eukaryotic organisms. On a basic level it is a protein complex named RNA induced silencing complex (RISC) that binds a RNA strand, a micro RNA (miRNA) or a small interfering RNA (siRNA), which guides it to its intended target, an mRNA. The RISC then disrupts translation of the bound mRNA, either by restricting it t

Sökandet efter nya skyddssystem i vårt immunförsvar har blivit oundvikligt på grund av det ökade antalet infektioner och den bakteriella resistensen. Detta har attraherat många forskare till att studera antimikrobiella peptider och försök till att använda dem för att skydda vår kropp mot patogener. Antimikrobiella peptider kommer från Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-proteiner, som finns naturligt The evolution of new pathogens and the increase in antibiotic resistance have alerted researchers that new approaches are needed for infection management. Here we defined the epitope responsible for antimicrobial activity in the C-terminal TFPI-2 derived peptide EDC34, and showed that the net positive charge accompanied with the length of the peptide is crucial for antimicrobial activity. In addit

Football is getting more and more connected to business as well as economics by each day. Almost annually, a transfer record or an all-time-high sponsorship deal is signed. This essay will attempt to take an economic point of view on the footballing industry and try to analyze whether a relationship between seven chosen macroeconomic variables and the UEFA coefficient can be observed and defined.

Litteratur och studier pekar på att mäns köpvanor av kläder kan förklaras i att män vill handla tidseffektivt. Dessutom roar de sig inte av klädesinköp. Genom denna utgångspunkt angående mäns köpbeteende kan det anses att e-handeln skulle vara ett bra verktyg för att uppfylla de manliga köpbehoven av kläder. Statistik påvisar samtidigt att män sällan köper kläder på internet, speciellt män inom ål

A combination of acoustic trapping and impedance spectroscopy for micrometer-sized objects is here presented for the first time. Acoustic trapping has proven to be a well-functioning method for non-contact immobilization and positioning of particles or cells in microfluidic channels. The combination with impedance spectroscopy allows for simultaneous electrical measurements on the trapped objects.

In Sweden, almost every county has their public transportation handled by an individual company. The public transportation companies have their own, official, travel planner application. Which means that the appearance and functions of the applications are different. Hence, this master thesis aims to design and evaluate a new travel planner that can be used for the individual companies. The travel

A growing world population and rapid urbanization have resulted in larger cities and greater acknowledgement of the importance of sustainability, hence, sustainable cities have started to emerge. In order to cope with all factors affecting sustainability, better mechanisms for decision making in those cities are requested. The purpose of this report is to increase the understanding and fill the ga

The main purpose of this thesis is to present the seventeen classes of wallpaper groups. These are certain subgroups of the isometries of the plane, that preserve lattices. The concept of semidirect product will be introduced, since most of the wallpaper groups are constructed with this product, which is a generalization of the ordinary direct product of groups. Finally there is a part on the Pòly

MKBs way to manage and control the organisation is expressed through increased stewardship responsibilities. This responsibility implies that all individuals within the organisation takes responsibility and therefore becomes a part of the organisations success. The verbal communication is still the reason why MKB is successful as an organisation.

Digitala Självbetjäningslösningar – Den utmanande tjänsten En studie av bankers övergång till digitala självbetjäningslösningar Josefine Andreasson Charlotte Mikander 2014-09-11 Handledare: Kandidatuppsats Catharina Norén 2014 Abstract Why: Bachelor thesis, Service Management, Lunds University, Campus Helsingborg, Spring 2014 Authors: Josefine Andreasson & Charlotte Mikander Title: Di

Syntetisk framställning av naturligt förkommande substans med anti-cancer egenskap. Naturprodukt är naturligt förkommande substans som är producerat av levande organismer och har oftast anti-cancer eller andra gynnsamma egenskaper. Genom evolutionen har levande organismer skapat dessa naturprodukter för att skydda sig själv mot angrepp. Dessa naturprodukter med läkande egenskaper finns oftast i myThe fascinating molecular structure of indoline alkaloids, especially that of the communesins and perophoramidine (Figure 1), has encouraged the studies towards the total synthesis of the representatives of this alkaloid family, in particular perophoramidine. Finding methodologies to construct the vicinal quaternary stereocenters with the stereochemistry of perophoramidine is one of the main chall

Context: Data from the recently launched astrometric satellite Gaia will be coming in soon with the final data release expected in 2022. This will provide a very precise map of the Galaxy. The Solar system and Galaxy is thought to be filled with invisible bodies (planetesimals, planets, brown dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes, etc.) and they will affect the observations via gravitational lensing.

NADH:upiquinone oxidoreductase, or complex I, is the first and largest enzyme in the respiratory chain. It is the last known enzyme in the chain due to its complexity of being a very large complex comprising of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic domains of about 46 subunits in total in the eukaryote enzyme. Another reason of its complexity is that the hydrophobic domain does not have any redox center

Polyphenols are a group of compounds that are widely spread in the plant kingdom. These compounds are of great interest for researchers because of their antioxidant properties that are important for both plant life and human health. Sample preparation is a crucial step for the determination of phenolic compounds and their metabolites in biological samples. Methods for isolation and preconcentratio

Two novel tetradentate ligands N, N’-Dimethyl-N, N’-bis(2-(chloromethyl)-1-methylbenzimidazole)- ethane-1,2-diamine (mepL), (-)-2-(((S)-2-((S)-1-(benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl) pyrrolidin-2-yl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzimidazole (PDPL) and their iron complexes [Fe(mepL)(CH3CN)2](SbF6)2 (SbF62), [Fe(CF3SO3)2(PDPL)] (OTf1) and [Fe(PDPL) (CH3CN)2](SbF6)2 (SbF61) were synthesized and characterized with IR

When designing control systems for real applications, it is important to first do testing in a simulated environment, to ensure adequate performance. This is especially important when designing control systems for applications that have high operation costs, e.g., submarines, since late errors in the development can be extremely costly. Saab develops steering systems for submarines. Prior to this

Idag vet man att det finns planeter även utanför vårt solsystem, de snurrar runt sina stjärnor precis som vi snurrar runt Solen - vår stjärna. Man kallar dem `exoplaneter', och hittills har man detekterat över tusen stycken. En del av alla dessa exoplaneter har till synes underliga egenskaper: Deras omloppsbanor är väldigt små, endast några hundradelar av Jordens omloppsbana, samtidigt som de The origin of the class of exoplanets typically referred to as hot Jupiters is to this day an unsettled matter. Some of the proposed formation channels predict certain values of the spin-orbit misalignment parameter, i.e. the angle between the stellar rotation axis, and the angular momentum vector of the planet orbit. One such formation channel is tidal capture following Kozai resonance (TCKR). Th