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The physical phenomenon of what is now called p-n-luminescence has been known for more than 100 years. However, the effect as such was not understood until 1951 after the invention of the p-n-junction in 1947. The paper presents a brief survey of the development of LEDs in the visible region up to the early 1960s by not only focusing on the history of LEDs but also taking into account material sci
Resonant states can have an important influence on the electronic transport, noise and optical properties of heterostructure devices. We have used a non-variational method to study the resonant states formed by shallow donors inside and outside of quantum wells. The method allows us the evaluation of the position and the width (lifetime) of the resonant states and also of matrix elements such as o
New continental, national, provincial and state records of 34 species of Ptiliidae reported from North America are briefly listed, 20 of which belong to Acrotrichis Motschulsky. Eight European/Palaearctic species (Oligella foveolata (Allibert), Ptiliolum fuscum (Erichson), Ptiliola kunzei (Heer), Ptinella aptera (Guerin-Meneville), P. britannica Matthews, P. Johnsoni Rutanen, Acrotrichis parva Ros
Psoriasis is a frequently occurring inflammatory skin disease characterized by thickened erythematous skin that is covered with silvery scales. It is a complex genetic disease with both heritable and environmental factors contributing to onset and severity. The CD18 hypomorphic PL/J mouse reveals reduced expression of the common chain of beta(2) integrins (CD11/CD18) and spontaneously develops a s
We present photon correlation measurements performed on single self-assembled InP quantum dots in a GaInP barrier. Correlation measurements done under continuous excitation reveal a pronounced antibunching dip for the emission from the single exciton, the bi-exciton, and the tri-exciton. Cross-correlations between the different emission lines are used for line identification. We have correlated th
Agile methods emerged from small, contract-driven projects. This study describes lessons learned from integrating agile methods with traditional stage-gate project management models at three large, product-driven companies. The study results support the feasibility of combining these approaches and suggests some adjustments to ease the integration.
In this paper, we investigate the finite-sample distribution of the recursively mean-adjusted panel data unit root test of Shin et al. [Shin, D. W., Kang, S. and Oh, M.-S., 2004, Recursive mean adjustment for panel unit root tests. Economics Letters, 84, 433-439.]. More precisely, we provide response surface parameters that can be used to calculate small-sample critical values for the test. Furthe
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function and morphology of endothelial cell (EC) seeded grafts. DESIGN: Experimental, open study. CHIEF OUTCOME MEASURES: Endoluminal release of prostacyclin (6-Keto-PGF1 alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2), patency, EC coverage and cell identity. MATERIALS: In 12 sheep, segments of both carotid arteries were excised. On one side a seeded and on the other an unseeded dac
The violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) gene from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was cloned, sequenced (GenBank AJ 250433), and expressed in Escherichia coli. The highest obtained conversion rate of violaxanthin was 86 nmol s-1 per litre of growth medium, corresponding to an amount of active enzyme of 0.4 mg l-1. Sequence comparison between VDE from different species were made and particular interest was
Excited states of Cd-103 were studied in the reaction Ni-58(Cr-50,4pn)Cd-103. The NORDBALL array with neutron and charged particle detectors was employed for the detection of gamma rays and light evaporated particles. The level scheme of Cd-103 was significantly extended. A strong cascade of E2 transitions connecting negative parity states was found, Shell model calculations were performed and pos
The global governance of AIDS is dependent for its success on the concerted efforts of actors from both local and global levels, thus challenging the current international organization based on state sovereignty. The study seeks to understand the processes behind the creation of partnerships among the many different nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) active in AIDS politics and the intergovernme
A program for computing atomic autoionization widths, decay rates and lifetimes is presented as a new part of the MCHF atomic structure package. The method used is based on the ''configuration interaction in the continuum'' theory by Fano, in which the continuum is computed independently of the discrete part and the width is given by the ''Golden Rule'' formula. The program allows for correlation
This report gives a summary of Anders Hansson's visit to Imperial College of Science, Technology andMedicine, London. An overview of the research together with a summary of impressions are given.
