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In this contribution, a thermodynamically consistent and mathematically canonical modelling framework for the investigation of the cyclic thermomechanical behaviour of Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloy wires is developed. Particular focus is placed on the self-heating of the material subjected to multiple load cycles. The relatively high load rates necessitates the consideration of inertia terms,

Parents react differently after their child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, both at onset and longitudinally. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the disease impact on parents, in terms of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), parents’ satisfaction with the care received, and the child´s experience of diabetes-specific family support 2 years after the child’s diagnosis. A furthe

Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with substantial costs due to over-triage of patients to computed tomography (CT) scanning, despite validated decision rules. Serum biomarker S100B has shown promise for safely omitting CT scans but the economic impact from clinical use has never been reported. In 2007, S100B was adapted into the existing Scandinavian management guideline

The adiabatic film-cooling effectiveness on a thermal barrier coating surface is investigated numerically. A film-cooling hole with an inclination angle of 35° is placed upstream the deposition configuration. The depositions are arranged on the external wall with three different positions. For no-mist models, the cooling performances downstream the wall are investigated for the blowing ratios of 0

The authors have developed a porous silicon (P-Si) based duplex antibody microarray platform for simultaneous quantitation of the biomarkers prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) in serum. Pore size-controlled P-Si surfaces have an extremely enlarged surface area that enables high-density immobilization of fluorescently labeled antibodies by physical adsorption. Au

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates receptors on osteocytes to orchestrate bone formation and resorption. Here we show that PTH inhibition of SOST (sclerostin), a WNT antagonist, requires HDAC4 and HDAC5, whereas PTH stimulation of RANKL, a stimulator of bone resorption, requires CRTC2. Salt inducible kinases (SIKs) control subcellular localization of HDAC4/5 and CRTC2. PTH regulates both HDAC4/5

Use of a second harmonic and third harmonic cavity within a klystron to increase efficiency has been studied using particle-in-cell (PIC) code, MAGIC 2D. The six cavity device has a drive frequency of 1GHz, a predicted efficiency of 88%, 39 dB gain and an output power of 833 kW. The preliminary simulation results have revealed indications of bunching with bunch core oscillations. The initial resul

The United Kingdom’s recently updated approach to sustainable drainage enhanced biodiversity and amenity objectives by incorporating the ecosystem approach and the ecosystem services concept. However, cost-effective and reliable methods to appraise the biodiversity and amenity values of potential sustainable drainage system (SuDS) sites and their surrounding areas are still lacking, as is a method

Let (Formula presented.) denote the space of ordinary Dirichlet series with square summable coefficients, and let (Formula presented.) denote its subspace consisting of series vanishing at (Formula presented.). We investigate the weak product spaces (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.), finding that several pertinent problems are more tractable for the latter space. This surprising phenom

Sediments from the small lake Ilsø situated in the Illerup/Alken Enge Valley were studied in order to investigate past landscape development at the time of a probably ritual human mass burial following battle during the Roman Iron Age (ad 1–400). A pollen record from Ilsø and a number of other records from Jutland were combined using the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm to reconstruct local vege

Small angle X-ray (SAXS) and neutron scattering techniques were combined to study mixed complexes formed between micelles of the nonionic amphiphilic PEO-PPO-PEO copolymer (P123) and the anionic bile salt (NaGDC) in aqueous solution. The purpose was to investigate the structural parameters of the charged complexes, such as size and internal structure, as well as their interparticle interactions in

In order to add to the existing knowledge on the complex institutional dynamics of negotiating conflicts and compatibilities in innovation processes that address societal challenges and social needs, this article scrutinizes the scientific and societal debate on the theoretical and practical application of “social innovation” by means of the concept “boundary object” linked to institutional theoryIn order to add to the existing knowledge on the complex institutional dynamics of negotiating conflicts and compatibilities in innovation processes that address societal challenges and social needs, this article scrutinizes the scientific and societal debate on the theoretical and practical application of “social innovation” by means of the concept “boundary object” linked to institutional theory

At Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) the end-station PEAXIS (Photo Electron Analysis and X-ray resonant Inelastic Spectroscopy) combining Angle-dependent X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (AdXPS) and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) is currently built. The latter method uses a spherical variable line space (VLS) grating to focus the beam onto the detector. Working in first-order diffraction

Aspects of size, structural (im)perfection, inner density, and guest molecule loading capacity of dendronized polymers (DPs) of high generation (6≤g≤8) in aqueous solution are studied using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy on amphiphilic, spin-labeled guest molecules. The results show that the interior of the charged DPs is strongly polar, especially in comparison to their lower genera

This study sheds light on the causes of failure of economic reform in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It argues that the success of economic reform largely relies on the choices available for ruling authorities as well as their willingness to share power with the people and with each other. Since the birth of the Iraqi state and the KRI the interaction of uncivic traditions, rent seeking, and

The ability of biological molecules to replicate themselves is the foundation of life, requiring a complex cellular machinery. However, a range of aberrant processes involve the self-replication of pathological protein structures without any additional assistance. One example is the autocatalytic generation of pathological protein aggregates, including amyloid fibrils, involved in neurodegenerativ

Denitrification during the sedimentation process in secondary settlers in waste-water treatment plants has been reported to be still a significant problem. The modelling of such a process with the conservation of mass leads to a nonlinear convection–diffusion–reaction partial differential equation, which needs non-standard numerical methods to obtain reliable simulations. The purpose of this study

Background A crucial issue for the sustainability of societies is how to maintain health and functioning in older people. With increasing age, losses in vision, hearing, balance, mobility and cognitive capacity render older people particularly exposed to environmental barriers. A central building block of human functioning is walking. Walking ifficulties may start to develop in midlife and become

SIR—Older people with mobility limitations often report more barriers in their outdoor environment than people with intact mobility [1]. However, it is uncertain whether older people perceive their environment as problematic because of their mobility limitations or whether the environmental barriers precede incident mobility limitation, as most studies have been limited to cross-sectional analyses