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Popular Abstract in Swedish Läkemedel blir allt viktigare behandlings-instrument och kunskapen ökar om läke-medels verkningsmekanismer. Även om denna kunskap kombineras med resultat från kliniska läkemedelsprövningar är detta dock inte tillräckligt för att värdera kliniska fördelar och risker med en rutinmässig läkemedels-behandling, särskilt inte om behandlingen är långvarig. För detta ändamål beThe efficacy and safety of antihyperglycaemic drugs have been evaluated in one American and one British randomized clinical trial, which have given contradictory results. The positive results of the latter may be more convincing as it included a greater number of patients and as its duration was longer. However, its conclusions may not be applicable to type 2 diabetes patients in general, as the s

In global cities, the impacts of gentrification on the lives and well-being of socially vulnerable residents have occupied political agendas. Yet to date, research on how gentrification affects a multiplicity of health outcomes has remained scarce. While much of the nascent quantitative research helps to identify associations between gentrification and determined health outcomes, it tends to draw

The topic of energy poverty has recently gained prominence amongst researchers and academia in Taiwan within the context of rising energy prices and low emission energy transitions. Social welfare organizations (SWOs) that provide 24-hour residence and care for vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and disabled, highly depend on various energy services and are likely to be significantly affe

The forest, savanna, and grassland biomes, and the transitions between them, are expected to undergo major changes in the future due to global climate change. Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are very useful for understanding vegetation dynamics under the present climate, and for predicting its changes under future conditions. However, several DGVMs display high uncertainty in predicting v

Genetic variation can modulate gene expression, and thereby phenotypic variation and susceptibility to complex diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here we harnessed the potential of DNA and RNA sequencing in human pancreatic islets from 89 deceased donors to identify genes of potential importance in the pathogenesis of T2D. We present a catalog of genetic variants regulating gene expression (e

Despite the recent theoretical and empirical advancements in the geography of innovation literature regarding the role that global sources of knowledge may have for regional growth and development, research in this field remains focused on successful regions and clusters in developed countries. Hitherto there has been limited research on the role of regions located in developing countries and the

The environmental sustainability of cellulosic ethanol production from rice straw in India is conducted using life cycle assessment (LCA). Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, net energy ratio (NER) and net energy balance (NEB) are studied for ethanol production system using two diverse pretreatment technologies, i.e. dilute acid (DA) and steam explosion (SE) followed by separate hydrolysis and ferment

Plant phenology provides information on the seasonal dynamics of plants, and changes herein are important for understanding the impact of climate change and human management on the biosphere. Land surface phenology is the study of plant phenology across large spatial scales estimated by satellite observations. However, satellite observations (pixels) are often composed of a mixture of vegetation t

Islands? characteristics provide several advantages as laboratory for studying 100% renewable energy sources (RES) systems. Their isolation makes them a ?unique laboratories, to gain knowledge and understanding of people/environment relationships? ; to prove its feasibility and acquire the needed knowledge for such systems to work; to be pioneer project, basis of other islands? projects and even a

Antalet allvarliga konsekvenser av katastrofer i världen har ökat, vilket lett till ett internationellt initiativ för att främja utvecklingen av nationella strategier för katastrofriskreducering (DRR) och resiliens. Ett av de globala målen i Sendairamverket för katastrofriskreducering 2015-2030, antaget av FN:s medlemsstater, handlar om att länderna ska ta fram strategier kopplat till DRR (mål E).Increasing impacts from hazards worldwide, including Sweden, have prompted international efforts to promote the development of national strategies for disaster risk reduction (DRR) and resilience to reduce associated impacts and support sustainable development. The development of such strategies is global target E of the Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030, which was adopted in 2015 by Sweden and o

Introduction: The climate and biodiversity crises are interconnected, unprecedented, existential threats that cause disturbing emotions, such as anxiety, grief, and anger. While there is increasing research about antecedents and outcomes of such eco-emotions, less is known about how to cope with them constructively, to benefit both mental health and pro-environmental action. Objectives: This study

Nitrogen (N) transformation processes by soil microbes account for significant nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from natural ecosystems and cropland. However, understanding and quantifying global soil N2O emissions and their responses to changing environmental conditions remain challenging. Here, we implemented a soil nitrification–denitrification module into the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS to

Aim The impact of multiple stressors on biodiversity is one of the most pressing questions in ecology and biodiversity conservation. Here we critically assess how often and efficiently two main drivers of global change have been simultaneously integrated into research, with the aim of providing practical solutions for better integration in the future. We focus on the integration of climate change