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Background: Hearing loss is estimated to affect more than 20% of the global population. Hearing aid fitting is a common intervention in audiological rehabilitation; however, there are still those who struggle with remaining communication difficulties that require additional intervention. The group rehabilitation program Active Communication Education (ACE) has been shown to be an effective alterna
Throughout the last decades, the social responsibility of corporations has undergone significant changes. From revolving around self-regulation, voluntariness, and soft law, the regulatory landscape has expanded to involve harder demands on corporations, such as mandatory sustainability due diligence. This thesis considers these changes as a hardening of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and
BACKGROUND The global prevalence of functional constipation is approximately 12%. It is characterized by infrequent complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs), hard or lumpy stools, straining during defecation, and has a negative impact on quality of life (QoL). The probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) 299v (Lp299v) has been demonstrated to be efficacious in irritable bo
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Health guidelines play a central role in informing clinical practice, public health measures and health policy. But their trustworthiness may be undermined by factors such as insufficient methodological rigor, lack of transparency, conflicts of interest, and inconsistent application of established standards. Existing appraisal tools address selected aspects of guideline
BackgroundMolecular subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with varying prognosis and characteristics have been proposed based on one or two-dimensional studies but are not yet implemented into clinical routine. Epigenetic modifications in cancer cells are independent of sequence variants, directly linked to gene and genome regulation, and thus provide important information to guide subclassificat
Combustion of fossil diesel is a major environmental problem for both the climate and human health. Renewable diesel fuels have been developed and introduced to the market to reduce the net CO2 emissions. Emission control strategies, such as aftertreatment systems, have been implemented to reduce the health hazardous particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. The overall aim of t
BACKGROUND: Based on clinical and genetic associations, axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are suspected to have a linked pathogenesis. Gut dysbiosis, intrinsic to IBD, has also been observed in axSpA. It is, however, not established to what degree gut dysbiosis is associated with axSpA disease severity. The objective of this study was to compare gut dysbiosis fre
Background: Changes in grey matter covariance networks have been reported in preclinical and clinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and have been associated with amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and cognitive decline. However, the role of tau pathology on grey matter networks remains unclear. Based on previously reported associations between tau pathology, synaptic density and brain structural measu
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the guiding policy for agriculture and the largest single budget item in the European Union (EU). Agriculture is essential to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), but the CAP's contribution to do so is uncertain. We analyzed the distribution of €59.4 billion of 2015 CAP payments and show that current CAP spending exacerbates income inequality withi
AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women in Sweden and worldwide. Adjuvant endocrine therapies are effective, yet 20-30% patients experience disease relapse. Altered cholesterol metabolism is an emerging hallmark of breast cancer proliferation and endocrine therapy resistance. Studies have shown that the use of cholesterol-lowering medications (statins) reduces the risk of
An aging population is associated with an increased prevalence of cognitive decline and related diseases. Gradual cognitive decline is a natural feature of aging, but may also develop into a more severe loss of cognitive function, manifesting as mild cognitive impairment or severe cognitive disease. Currently, no medical treatments can fully prevent these conditions or diseases. One approach is to
Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) has independent diagnostic and prognostic value for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification, but studies on its association with anthropometric and CV factors are sparse in young individuals without overt CV disease. We aim to provide descriptive data regarding VAC and its associations with CV risk factors in young adults without overt CV disease. For 631 (mean
Temperature is a major determinant of biological process rates, and microorganisms are key regulators of ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. Temperature controls microbial rates of decomposition, and thus warming can stimulate C loss, creating positive feedback to climate change. If trait distributions that define temperature relationships of microbial communities can adapt to altered temperatures, the
Att bli förälder är en stor omställning i livet och kan förändra arbetssituationen, relationer och den egna personliga utvecklingen. Föräldraskap upplevs ofta som starkt könsbundet och kvinnor över hela världen tar på sig mer hushållsarbete och barnomsorg än män, även i Sverige. Trots att Sverige har en generös och könsneutral föräldraledighet finns det fortfarande ojämlikheter i hur föräldrar hanThis thesis explored gendered parenthood and parents’ experiences of their work- family interface through the COVID-19 pandemic. This thesis draws on decades of analysis of gendered labor division, father involvement, and the work-family interface to understand developments and tensions before the pandemic. It then positions the pandemic as a global ‘developmental event’ due to the restrictions im
This thesis consists of four self-contained chapters that explore two areas in development economics: the impact of geography and climate on health, learning, and financial decision-making, and the influence of history and culture on human and social capital.In the first chapter, we study the effect of waterborne disease risk on children’s health and learning in Tanzania. Using a hydrological mode
As our way of living exploits the resources of the earth and our energy use keeps on increasing, we are now facing a climate crisis never seen before in modern time. To face these consequences and try to ease the harm we need to transform our extraction and use of energy. The use of chemical energy carriers and fuel cells offers the possibility of a completely green solution for energy distributio
Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att utreda internetleverantörers ansvar vid tredje mans upphovsrättsintrång då internetleverantörer tillhandahåller internetuppkoppling till sådant intrång. Uppsatsen har också klargjort vilka upphovsrättsintrång som kan aktualisera internetleverantörers ansvar, samt vilka åtgärder företagen kan tvingas vidta för att förhindra förevarande intrång. Internet möjliThe purpose with this paper has been to examine internet service providers, also known as ISP:s, responsibility when they operates as an intermediate during third party copyright infringement. The essay has also investigated which copyright infringements that actualize such responsibility and what measures may be required by ISP:s to prevent copyright infringements. Today the internet makes copyr
Timber-concrete composite structures were originally developed for upgrading existing timber oors, but during last decades, they have new applications in multistorey buildings. Most of the research performed on these structures has focused on systems in which wet concrete is cast on top of timber beams with mounted connectors. Recently investigations on composite systems were performed at Luleå Un
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease affecting more than 3.5 million people in the world, resulting in a high burden to societies. More research on IBD is definitely in need to prevent the disease and treat IBD patients. The intestinal epithelial barriers of IBD patients are weakened due to the inflammation, thereby, enteric microbes in the gut may translocate to the circulating sy
