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Popular Abstract in Swedish Det är en utmaning att behandla patienter med allvarliga infektioner eftersom immunförsvaret reagerar olika på olika mikroorganismer. Immunförsvarets reaktion har i sin tur en stor betydelse för symtombild, kliniska fynd och prognos. Vid blodförgiftning (sepsis) förändras dessutom sannolikt immunsvaret under det kliniska förloppet. Man tror att det inledningsvis vid sepInfectious diseases constitute a major global health problem. The presenting clinical picture results from a mixture of direct toxic actions by the microbiological agent and of the immune response mounted by the host. There is often a rapid onset, which may constitute a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, whereas in other cases an extensive investigation over a long time period can fail to ident

In 2009 Lund University was invited to participate in the international project the First dual-mode distance learning benchmarking club. From past experiences Lund University was asked to make a concordance between different benchmarking models and their criteria in relation to another widely used model, Pick&Mix. The task was also to suggest improvements of the Pick&Mix model and to sugge

Isoprene is a reactive hydrocarbon emitted to the atmosphere in large quantities by terrestrial vegetation. Annual total isoprene emissions exceed 300 Tg a−1, but emission rates vary widely among plant species and are sensitive to meteorological and environmental conditions including temperature, sunlight, and soil moisture. Due to its high reactivity, isoprene has a large impact on air quality an

Increased carbon sequestration in agricultural land is an important measure to reduce global warming. Since the soil is a large carbon sink, a small change in the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks can make a substantial difference to the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere. An increase in SOC improves the soil health and fertility which in turn gives better yields and a more secure food supply

The term “Holocene temperature conundrum” refers to the inconsistencies between proxy-based reconstructions and transient model simulations, and it challenges our understanding of global temperature evolution during the Holocene. Climate reconstructions indicate a cooling trend following the Holocene Thermal Maximum, while model simulations indicate a consistent warming trend due to ice-sheet retr

Hailstorms develop over the La Plata Basin, in south-eastern South America, more often during later winter and early austral spring, between September and October. These systems have significant socioeconomic impacts over the region. Thus, a better understanding of how atmospheric drivers modulate the formation of hailstorms is important to improve the forecast of such phenomena. In this study, we

Flash droughts, as sub-seasonal phenomena, are characterized by their rapid onset and significant impact on terrestrial ecosystems. However, understanding how vegetation responds to flash droughts and the mechanisms governing vegetation recovery remains elusive. Here, we analysed the response of vegetation productivity to flash droughts and identified the most relevant drivers controlling vegetati

Studien ämnar belysa behovet av ett kreativitetsfrämjande ledarskap för att minska stress på arbetsplatser vilket är allt vanligare i den föränderliga omvärld vi lever i. Fenomenet kreativitet diskuteras utifrån delvis ett neurologiskt förhållningssätt och paralleller dras mellan kreativitet, ledarskap och personlighet. Den huvudsakliga hypotesen att kreativitetsfrämjande ledarskap minskar sjukskr

Boreal and temperate forests are undergoing structural, compositional and functional changes in response to increasing temperatures, changes in precipitation, and rising CO2, but the extent of the changes in forests will also depend on current and future forest management. This study utilized the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS enabled with forest management (version 4.1.2, rev11016) to simulat

Purpose: Tourism faces a range of interconnected and potentially transformative global risks – collectively considered an evolving polycrisis – that have not been adequately defined and understood. As a result, the industry struggles to proactively anticipate and mitigate potential future challenges, while governments lack insight for strategic longer-term decision-making on tourism development. T

Transpiration drives up to 40 % of terrestrial precipitation, with forests playing a critical role. This study combines long-term sap flow measurements and surface-based cloud observations to examine how different clouds affect tree transpiration across boreal and temperate European forests. Under specific cloudy conditions, sap flow can exceed clear-sky levels, reflecting distinct radiation effec

Upptakten till krisen utspelade sig i Argentina under 1880 talet. Landet hade efter inre oroligheter stabiliserats och i likheter med Sverige ett decennium tidigare fått ökade exportintäkter efter ökad efterfrågan på råvaror som landet exporterade. Med guldstandardens internationella etablering och större kapitalflöden över gränserna blev stora kapitalsatsningar i Argentina möjliga. Tidigare britt

Science, technology and innovation (STI) are widely perceived as critical factors for sustainable development. The 2030 Agenda defined STI as the central means of sustainable development. The Sustainable Development Goal 17 has three targets that focus on technology transfer, and the United Nations Technology Facilitation Mechanism was launched to promote multi-stakeholder collaboration. While STI

One of the most prominent and widely adopted COVID-19 countermeasures globally was the recommendation to work from home for all non-essential workers. Working from home (WFH) already entails many challenges, including difficulties in maintaining a healthy work-life balance. Moreover, the COVID-19 enforced remote working differed from planned remote work, as it was unplanned and involuntary, not ba

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major medical and public health problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries including Ethiopia. Its control program is currently being challenged by the spread of drug-resistant TB, which is the result of poor treatment outcomes. Hence, this study assessed poor adult TB treatment outcomes and associated factors in Gibe Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. An

Background In cohorts with voluntary participation, participants may not be representative of the underlying population, leading to distorted estimates. If the relevant sources of selective participation are observed, it is however possible to restore the representativeness by reweighting the sample to resemble the target population. So far, few studies in epidemiology have applied reweighting bas

Atmospheric mineral dust not only interacts with the climate system by scattering incoming solar radiation and affecting atmospheric photochemistry, but also contributes critical nutrients to marine and terrestrial ecosystems. In a high-resolution analysis of paleodust deposition, peat development and soil dust sources, we assess the interplay between dust deposition and bog development of the Dav