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Objective: The insulin responsive adiponutrin (PNPLA3 or ADPN) gene shows association with obesity and in vitro adipocyte lipolysis. This study aimed to replicate the association between PNPLA3 variants and obesity, and to investigate their effect on insulin resistance and beta-cell function. Methods: rs738409 (Met148Ile) and rs2072907 (C to G) were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination as

Rätten till en rättvis rättegång är en nödvändighet i en modern rättsstat, men i och med de nya globala konflikternas förändrade natur har den stött på nya utmaningar. Soldaters immunitet för vissa handlingar i krigstid är väletablerad sedan Genèvekonventionernas tillkomst, men de nya konflikternas aktörer uppfyller sällan kraven för sådan immunitet. Särskilt kriget mot den globala terrorismen harThe right to a fair trial is a vital component of the rule of law, but with the change in global conflicts, and particularly the rise of global terrorism, it has been presented with new challenges. Soldiers’ immunity for certain, normally illegal, actions has been established as a principle of international law since the adaptation of the Geneva Conventions. However, new conflicts, and especially

Between 2008 and 2010, Lund University took part in three international benchmarking projects, E-xcellence+, the eLearning Benchmarking Exercise 2009, and the First Dual-Mode Distance Learning Benchmarking Club. A comparison of these models revealed a rather high level of correspondence. From this finding and from desktop studies of the current discourse regarding e-learning, a conceptual framewor

The simulation of current and projected wildfires is essential for predicting crucial aspects of vegetation patterns, biogeochemical cycling as well as pyrogenic emissions across the African continent. This study uses a data-driven approach to parameterize two burned area models applicable to dynamic vegetation models (DVMs) and Earth system models (ESMs). We restricted our analysis to variables f

The inclusion of the poor in the economy is of key importance to the global sustainable development agenda. However, the integration of low-income communities in the economy requires new approaches to innovation, management and sustainability. This thesis aims to investigate how Norwegian initiatives contribute to sustainable and inclusive development in India by analysing the experiences and outc

Sustainability in the building sector demands remarkable efforts to increase energy efficiency and the share of renewable energies. Biomass-based micro cogeneration systems can help to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings whiles reducing the over-dependence on fossil energy resources. In this study, the environmental performance of cleaned and upgraded biogas and natural gas in d

The advancement of global warming and climate change are viewed as catalysts for the energy transition, which is not only technological, but also embedded in broader socio-ecological and political dynamics. Decarbonizing Kosovo, a country heavily reliant on coal production, presents major challenges. Using qualitative interviews with stakeholders of the energy transition, this thesis examines the

Kemiindustrin har en betydande roll på den globala marknaden och dess produkter hittas i nästan alla tillverkade produkter. Kemiindustrins påverkan på klimatet är stor och sker både genom hanteringen av dess slutprodukter och även i själva produktionen. För att ställa om industrin för att hejda den globala uppvärmningen krävs att de största företagen är med i omställningen. För att undersöka föret

The aim of this paper is to analyze, with a broadly postcolonial sensibility, the discourses on culture found in some of the international management books that: 1) especially claim to emphasize the cultural factor, and 2) claim to be ‘international’, supposedly appropriate for reading in all parts of the globe. We intend to show that very similar discursive patterns characterize the conceptualiza

This paper aims to address some gaps in current knowledge by studying temporal and spatial variations in Artemisia pollen counts (2000-2009) at 13 sites located in different biogeographical areas of Central and Eastern Europe. Analysis showed that start dates of Artemisia pollen seasons are greatly dependent on temperature during June and July, with hot summer temperatures having a tendency to del

In this study we describe a methodology to create high-vertical-resolution SO2 profiles from volcanic emissions. We demonstrate the method's performance for the volcanic clouds following the eruption of Sarychev in June 2009. The resulting profiles are based on a combination of satellite SO2 and aerosol retrievals together with trajectory modelling. We use satellite-based measurements, namely lida

Erosion and infrastructure in the Arctic can change the thickness of the active layer which can subsequently alternate the thermal-hydrological regime and change the drainage patterns on slopes. Previous studies have shown that drainage can either decrease due to the movement of water occurring in deeper soil layers with lower permeability or increase due to the formation of features like gullies

Ice-core timescales are vital for the understanding of past climate; hence they should be updated whenever significant amounts of new data become available. Here, the Greenland ice-core chronology GICC05 was revised for the last 3835 years by synchronizing six deep ice cores and three shallow ice cores from the central Greenland ice sheet. A new method was applied by combining automated counting o

Due to the substantial gross exchange fluxes with the atmosphere, the terrestrial carbon cycle plays a significant role in the global carbon budget. Drought commonly affects terrestrial carbon absorption negatively. Terrestrial biosphere models exhibit significant uncertainties in capturing the carbon flux response to drought, which have an impact on estimates of the global carbon budget. Through

The boreal biome exchanges large amounts of carbon (C) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) with the atmosphere and thus significantly affects the global climate. A managed boreal landscape consists of various sinks and sources of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC) across forests, mires, lakes, and streams. Due to the spatial heterogeneity, large u

This study, for the first time, assesses the impact of critical environmental factors on groundwater using Bayesian network (BN) integrated with analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and develops a groundwater vulnerability map. The considered environmental factors are divided into the following categories: physical (rainfall, temperature (Tmax/Tmin), relative humidity (RHmax/RHmin)), water use and d

This paper explores the development of residential Spanish Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs, known as SOCIMIs) in the country’s growing rental market, unpacking their connection with the resolution of the 2008 financial crisis. Focus is placed on the emerging socio-spatial dynamics of one of the country’s first large-scale residential SOCIMIs in Barcelona from the global private equity firm Bl

The use of digital technologies to deliver primary health care has increased over the past decade. While some technologies have been shown to be medically effective and efficient, the effects of digital primary care on the policy goal of equality in the use of such types of care have not been studied using large register data. The aim of this study was to analyse how digital contacts differ from o

Surface-subsurface flow models for hydrological applications solve a coupled multiphysics problem. This usually consists of some form of the Richards and shallow water equations. A typical setup couples these two nonlinear partial differential equations in a partitioned approach via boundary conditions. Full interaction between the subsolvers is ensured by an iterative coupling procedure. This can