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Evidence that a 1,2-dihydroxycyclohexadienide anion is stabilized by aromatic "negative hyperconjugation" is described. It complements an earlier inference of "positive" hyperconjugative aromaticity for the cyclohexadienyl cation. The anion is a reactive intermediate in the dehydration of benzene cis-1,2-dihydrodiol to phenol. Rate constants for 3-substituted benzene cis-dihydrodiols are correlate
We investigated the relationship between lipid binding glycoprotein apolipoprotein E (apoE; gene APOE) polymorphisms (ε4 allele carriers versus no carriers = ε4+/ε4−) and trace elements (TEs) (e.g., (methyl)mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, selenium, manganese, copper, and zinc) in mothers (N = 223) and their new-borns (N = 213) exposed to potentially toxic metal(loid)s from seafood consumption. Th
The early Cambrian succession at Chengjiang contains the most diverse Cambrian fossil assemblage yet described, and contributes significantly to our understanding of the diversification of metazoans in the Cambrian “explosion”. The Cambrian Period occupies a transitional episode of global ocean chemistry, following the oxygenation of the surface ocean and of shallow marine environments during the
The surface expression of a recently described plasma glycoprotein called human complex-forming glycoprotein, hetergeneous in charge (protein HC) on a number of different human cell types was investigated. By means of direct and indirect immunofluorescence, protein HC was shown to be associated with the surface of virtually all cells of the investigated normal cell types including erythrocytes, pe
OBJECTIVE: To estimate patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) and treatment failure (TF) threshold values for Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) measure and EQ-5D-5L among people with hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) 3 and 12 months following participation in a digital self-management intervention (Joint Academy®).METHODS: Among the participants, we computed work and activity impairm
Få kontinenters historia är så präglad av myter och fördomar som Afrikas och ännu idag är det vanligt att beskriva dess historia som statisk och afrikanska samhällen som primitiva. 'Afrika - en kontinents ekonomiska och sociala historia' visar istället en dynamisk och variationsrik kontinent. Boken handlar om den ekonomiska och sociala utvecklingen i Afrika söder om Sahara i ett långsiktigt perspe
Popular Abstract in English In the past ten years, homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion has been one of the subjects receiving great research interests in the combustion research community and the engine industry. This is because HCCI combustion processes have the potential of not only capable providing high efficiency like diesel engine combustion, but also producing much lowLarge Eddy Simulation (LES) modeling is developed to study homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion under different engine operation and mixture conditions, including real engine configurations and generic test cases. A previously developed HCCI model has been validated by comparing the simulation results with engine experiments. A new spark-assisted HCCI (SACI) combustion model h
BACKGROUND: Globally, the number of small-scale miners (SSM) is estimated to be more than 25 million, but it supports the livelihoods of around 100 million individuals. In Tanzania, the number of SSM has increased from an estimated 150,000 in 1987 to ~1.5 million in 2017. The miners are at a high risk of occupational-related health challenges. The study aimed to assess the concentrations of respir
In this study of the effects of lead on the endocrine system, 77 secondary lead-smelter workers (i.e., 62 active and 15 retired) were compared with 26 referents. Lead concentrations were determined in plasma with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (i.e., index of recent exposure), in blood with atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and in fingerbone with K x-ray fluorescence technique (i.
The study was undertaken to obtain simultaneous measurements of circulating anterior pituitary hormone levels after the i.v. injection of arginine-vasopressin (AVP). Nine healthy men, mean age 31 years (range 24-41), received single blind with at least one week apart, after resting in the supine position for 30 min, AVP 0.26 microgram/kg body weight i.v. (Pitressin, Parke-Davis) or saline in rando
IntroductionResearch evidence suggests that radiographers often rely on previous training, traditional practices, work experience and protocols developed within the department rather than up-to-date research-based evidence in their daily practice. The aim of the study was to investigate factors that might impact the development of evidence-based practice amongst radiographers in clinical public se
BACKGROUND: Exposure to moldy or damp indoor environments is associated with allergic disease in young children, but it is unclear whether the effects persist to adolescence. Our objective was to assess whether exposure to mold or dampness during infancy increases the risk of asthma, rhinitis, or IgE sensitization in children followed from birth to 16 years of age.METHODS: We collected questionnai
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: High birthweight and increased childhood growth are risk factors for type 1 diabetes. Relative birthweight is associated with HLA genotypes that confer a high risk of diabetes. Our aims were to test whether young children prior to clinical onset of type 1 diabetes have increased: (1) birthweight or birth length standard deviation scores (SDS); (2) height development SDS; or (3) BM
The cholesterol-lowering effect of oats is well established, but the crucial properties eliciting this effect need to be further investigated to optimize the use of oats as functional foods. Furthermore, there are almost no reports investigating the effect of oats on atherosclerosis development. This thesis describes our work with finding suitable mouse models to study cholesterol-lowering and ant
