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BACKGROUND: Prolonged opioid use (more than 90 days) after injury puts the patient at risk for adverse effects. We investigated the patterns of opioid prescription after distal radius fracture and the effect of pre- and post-fracture factors on the risk for prolonged use.METHODS: This register-based cohort study uses routinely collected health care data, including purchases of prescription opioids
Background: The medial parietal cortex is an early site of pathological protein deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous studies have identified different subregions within this area; however, these subregions are often heterogeneous and disregard individual differences or subtle pathological alterations in the underlying functional architecture. To address this limitation, here we measure
We developed a novel knee joint model in FEBio to simulate walking. Knee cartilage was modeled using a fibril-reinforced biphasic (FRB) formulation with depth-wise collagen architecture and split-lines to account for cartilage structure. Under axial compression, the knee model with FRB cartilage yielded contact pressures, similar to reported experimental data. Furthermore, gait analysis with FRB c
The effects of lung volume and involuntary breathing movements on the human diving response were studied in 17 breath-hold divers. Each subject performed maximal effort apnoeas and simulated dives by apnoea and cold water face immersion, at lung volumes of 60%, 85%, and 100% of prone vital capacity (VC). Time of apnoea, blood pressure, heart rate, skin capillary blood flow, and fractions of end-ex
The respiratory epithelium consists of multiple, functionally distinct cell types and is maintained by regionally specific progenitor populations that repair the epithelium following injury. Several in vitro methods exist for studying lung epithelial repair using primary murine lung cells, but isolation methods are hampered by a lack of surface markers distinguishing epithelial progenitors along t
1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
Aquatic organisms are constantly at risk of being exposed to potentially harmful chemical compounds of natural or anthropogenic origin. Biological life can for instance respond to chemical stressors by changes in gene expression, and thus, certain gene transcripts can potentially function as biomarkers, i.e. early warnings, of toxicity and chemical stress. A major challenge for biomarker applicati
A long-standing enigma concerns the geographic and ecological origins of the intensively studied vinegar fly, Drosophilamelanogaster. This globally distributed human commensal is thought to originate from sub-Saharan Africa, yet untilrecently, it had never been reported from undisturbed wilderness environments that could reflect its precommensalniche. Here, we document the collection of 288 D. mel
Serine-synthesis disorders have recently been described as a new group of inborn errors of metabolism due to a deficiency of the amino acid serine. Until now two defects have been reported, first 3-fosfoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PGDH) deficiency and secondly 3-fosfoserine phosphatase (3-PSP) deficiency. Both disorders present with congenital microcephaly, severe psychomotor retardation and in 3-P
The quantum mechanical motion of electrons and nuclei in systems spatially confined to the molecular dimensions occurs on the sub-femtosecond to the femtosecond timescales respectively. Consequently, the study of ultrafast electronic and, in specific cases, nuclear dynamics requires the availability of light pulses with attosecond (asec) duration and of sufficient intensity to induce two-photon pr
The interest of in vivo measurements of fat has increased over the years due to the increasing prevalence of obesity and obesity-related conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and fatty liver. The relationship between the accumulation of adipose tissue within the different depots and organs of the body, and the risk of developing numerous diseases, has been investigated and establish
The dioxygen we breathe is formed by light-induced oxidation of water in photosystem II. O2 formation takes place at a catalytic manganese cluster within milliseconds after the photosystem II reaction centre is excited by three single-turnover flashes. Here we present combined X-ray emission spectra and diffraction data of 2-flash (2F) and 3-flash (3F) photosystem II samples, and of a transient 3F
Objective Anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies are reported to associate with more radiographic progression within the total rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population and anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-negative subgroup. We explored the association of anti-CarP with radiographic progression in RA and aimed to replicate the association and evaluate the added value of anti-CarP an
The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent polyamine metabolism in the small intestine of the rat is controlled by the enteric nervous system. Polyamine metabolism was followed by measuring the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and in some instances also the content of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine). ODC activity in the intestine was increased when intralumin
BACKGROUND: The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and establish the proportion of people with psychosis meeting criteria for the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The study also aimed to identify the key lifestyle behaviours associated with increased risk of the MetS and to investigate whether the MetS is associated with illness severity and degree of func
We have developed over the past years an experimental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and polarized gases compatible mechanical respirator for the study of the small experimental animal. The respirator has been successfully used for experiments both in the MRI setting for polarized (3)He, (19)F, and proton imaging as well as for functional measurements of the lungs. The new main pneumatic valve w
A safe and reproducible mixing procedure for the manufacture of a polymerization-based dosemeter gel evaluated using MRI (PoMRI) is presented. The dose response, obtained by irradiating gel-filled vials with absorbed doses in the interval 0-20 Gy and evaluated with respect to 1/T2, was found to be linear in the interval 0-8 Gy, with a sensitivity of 0.211 s-1Gy-1 (r2 = 0.998) at 1.5 T. Evaluation
Bumble bees are ubiquitous creatures and crucial pollinators to a vast assortment of crops worldwide. Bumble bee populations have been decreasing in recent decades, with demise of flower resources and pesticide exposure being two of several suggested pressures causing declines. Many empirical investigations have been performed on bumble bees and their natural history is well documented, but the un
INTRODUCTION: People with severe haemophilia A have reportedly impaired health related quality of life (utility) mainly due to recurrent bleeding, arthropathy and treatment burden.AIM: To estimate utilities and evaluate their potential correlates - most importantly the joint status - among people with severe haemophilia A.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, eligible participants had severe hae
To assess changes in postural control among healthy elderly and to correlate with suspected age-related events, 33 women and 16 men were studied. Postural control was evaluated by vibration-induced body sway, measured on a force platform, and vibration sensation was tested with a tuning fork. Occurrence of spontaneous gaze and head-shake-induced nystagmus was observed with infrared charged couple
