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PurposeWear of ceramic orthopedic devices generates nanoparticles in vivo that may present a different biological character from the monolithic ceramic from which they are formed. The current work investigated protein adsorption from human plasma on alumina nanoparticles and monolithic samples representative of both wear particles and the ceramic components as implanted.Materials and MethodsA phys

A procedure for spectroscopic characterization and partial fractionation of human protein HC populations by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array ultraviolet-visible detection is reported. Human protein HC from urine or amniotic fluid fractionated by anion-exchange HPLC in a protein Pak DEAE 5PW appeared to be heterogeneous as judged by the asymmetric elution pattern, consisting

Against a backdrop of extreme racial health inequality, the 1918 influenza pandemic resulted in a striking reduction of non-White to White influenza and pneumonia mortality disparities in United States cities. We provide the most complete account to date of these reduced racial disparities, showing that they were unexpectedly uniform across cities. Linking data from multiple sources, we then exami

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between biomarkers of inflammation and subsequent development of giant cell arteritis (GCA).METHOD: Participants in the population-based Malmö Diet Cancer Study (MDCS; N = 30447), established 1991-1996, who were subsequently diagnosed with GCA, were identified in a structured process. GCA-free controls, matched for sex, year of birth, and year of screening we

Sequencing of reduced representation libraries enables genotyping of many individuals for population genomic studies. However, high amounts of DNA are required, and the method cannot be applied directly on single cells, preventing its use on most microbes. We developed and implemented the analysis of single amplified genomes followed by restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing to bypass labor-in

Histologic grade, including tubular formations, nuclear grade, and mitotic activity, is a well-documented prognostic factor in breast cancer. In comparison with other prognostic parameters, the evaluation of histologic grade is cheap and can be performed, in principle, in all cases of breast cancer. One possible disadvantage is that the evaluation may vary between different pathological department

Exercise-induced rib stress fractures have been reported frequently in elite rowers during the past decade. The etiology of rib stress fractures is unclear, but low bone mineral density (BMD) has been suggested to be a potential risk factor for stress fractures in weight-bearing bones. The present study investigated BMD in seven Danish national team rowers with previous rib stress fracture (RSF) a

Pancreatic tissue grafting is by far the most physiological therapeutic solution to the insulin deficiency of diabetes. Recent clinical trials have indicated somewhat successful use of nonsteroidal immunosuppressive regimens and a successful nonhuman primate trial using CD154 for costimulation blockade was reported. However, these protocols need to be replaced with safe and efficacious ones in whi

Chronic pain remains a significant challenge for modern health care as its pathologic mechanisms are largely unknown and preclinical animal models suffer from limitations in assessing this complex subjective experience. However, human brain neuroimaging techniques enable the assessment of functional and neurochemical alterations in patients experiencing chronic pain and how these factors may dynam

The clinical T1-T2 prostatic carcinoma is a heterogeneous tumor in respect to pathologic stage and outcome. Tumor heterogeneity can be fairly good predicted by the use of classification and regression tree analysis with preoperative parameters, especially a quantitative analysis of Gleason grade 4-5 cancer in six systematic biopsies and a determination of preoperative prostate-specific antigen lev

The efficient in vitro inhibition of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase by trisodium phosphonoformate (PFA, INN: foscarnet sodium) and its low toxicity suggested that PFA could be used as a therapeutic agent for hepatitis B infection. PFA was also found to inhibit woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) DNA polymerase in vitro. As a model to test PFA's eventual effect, chronically WHV infected woodchucks we

To investigate why human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is less virulent than HIV-1, the evolution of coreceptor usage, autologous neutralization, envelope sequence and glycosylation was studied in sequentially obtained virus isolates and sera from four HIV-2-infected individuals. Neutralization of primary HIV-2 isolates was tested by a cell line-based assay and IgG purified from patients'

A comparative analysis of the electron-hole (e-h) excitation mechanism of impurity luminescence has been performed for wide-gap oxides (WGO) and alkali halides crystals (AHC). A low quantum yield of scintillation in WGO with respect to that in AHC is connected with the high value of the average energy needed for the creation of an e-h pair in WGO. In AHC and many WGO, the width of a valence band E

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the gene coding for Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK). A database (BTKbase) of BTK mutations has been compiled and the recent update lists 368 entries from 318 unrelated families showing 228 unique molecular events. In addition to mutations the database lists also some polymorphisms and site-directed mu

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: It has been suggested that the uterine environment may influence metabolic disease occurring later in adult life, and that adult stress may promote disease outcome. Using a mouse model, we tested whether in utero exposure to Ljungan virus (LV) followed by adult exposure to stress produces diabetes. The influence of the timing of viral exposure over the course of pregnancy was also

Radiative lifetimes of 16 odd levels belonging to the 4d(2)5p configuration of Zr II have been measured using a time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence technique with a single-step excitation process either from the ground state or from metastable levels belonging to the 4d(2)5s and 4d(3) configurations. For 12 levels, there were no previous results available. The new experimental results and the

It is important to compare different contrast media used in bone cement according to their ability to attenuate X-rays and thereby produce image contrast between bone cement and its surroundings in clinical applications. The radiopacity of bone cement is often evaluated by making radiographs of cement in air at an X-ray tube voltage of 40 kV. We have developed a method for ranking contrast media i