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Crop yield improvement during the last decades has relied on increasing the ratio of the economic organ to the total aboveground biomass, known as the harvest index (HI). In most crop models, HI is set as a parameter; this empirical approach does not consider that HI not only depends on plant genotype, but is also affected by the environment. An alternative is to simulate allocation mechanisticall
Using biomass for charcoal production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) may change carbon stock dynamics and lead to irreversible changes in the carbon balance, yet we have little understanding of whether these dynamics vary by biome in this region. Currently, charcoal production contributes up to 7% of yearly deforestation in tropical regions, with carbon emissions corresponding to 71.2 million tonnes
Evidence of air pollution exposure, namely, ambient particulate matter (PM), during pregnancy and an increased risk of autism in children is growing; however, the unique PM sources that contribute to this association are currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate local, source-specific ambient PM exposure during pregnancy and its associations with childhood autism, specific
We present an analysis of atmospheric transport impact on estimating CO2 fluxes using two atmospheric inversion systems (CarboScope-Regional (CSR) and Lund University Modular Inversion Algorithm (LUMIA)) over Europe in 2018. The main focus of this study is to quantify the dominant drivers of spread amid CO2 estimates derived from atmospheric tracer inversions. The Lagrangian transport models STILT
Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a crucial step in ensuring robustness and trustworthiness for deep learning (DL) models. This is particularly important for classification tasks in medical applications. Previous work has shown that point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) imaging combined with a DL classification network could improve access to early breast cancer diagnosis. In this work, we investi
Multi-electron donation remains a challenge for CO2 photocatalytic conversion to multi-electron products due to the efficient Auger recombination or annihilation at multiple excitation conditions for conventional molecules or semiconductor photocatalysts. In this paper, we demonstrated possible multi-electron donation within a quantum dot (QD)/metal complex hybrid photocatalyst system when multipl
Vegetation demographic models (VDMs) are advanced tools for simulating forest responses to climate and land-use changes, and are essential for projecting carbon cycling and large-scale forest management strategies. Despite their increasing incorporation into Earth System Models, VDMs differ in their demographic assumptions, with no prior quantitative comparison of their performance. We benchmarked
Multiple cropping, the simultaneous cultivation of several crops in space or time, is a global practice essential for intensifying and diversifying agriculture. Despite its substantial impact on environmental and socioeconomic outcomes of farming, multiple cropping is hardly accounted for in assessments of global food production, sustainability, and climate impacts. Such studies, often relying on
Problematisering: Det skönmålade begreppet coaching har fått stor genomslagskraft inom företagsvärlden under senare tid. Efter att ha studerat ett antal tidigare uppsatser kring coaching har vi konstaterat att flertalet av dessa uppsatser tenderar att vara författade med coachen i fokus. Vi vill därför i denna uppsats leda diskussionen vidare och undersöka hur tre olika yrkesroller inom ett företa
Traditional power reduction techniques such as DVFS or RAPL are challenging to use with web services because they significantly affect the services' latency and throughput. Previous work suggested the use of controllers based on control theory or machine learning to reduce performance degradation under constrained power. However, generating these controllers is challenging as every web service app
Over the past half-century, drastically increased chemical fertilizers have entered agricultural ecosystems to promote crop production on the Yangtze Plain, potentially enhancing agricultural nutrient sources for eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems. However, long-term trends of nitrogen dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems and their impacts on eutrophication changes in this region remain poorly
Land-cover changes have a clear impact on local climates via biophysical effects. European land cover has been affected by human activities for at least 6000 years, but possibly longer. It is thus highly probable that humans altered climate before the industrial revolution (AD1750–1850). In this study, climate and vegetation 6000 years (6 ka) ago is investigated using one global climate model, two
In this paper, we revisit the problem of estimating the relative pose from a sparse set of point-correspondences. For each point-correspondence we also estimate the relative depth, i.e. the relative distance to the scene point in the two images. This yields an additional constraint, allowing us to use fewer matches in RANSAC to generate the pose candidates. In the paper we propose two novel minima
Ras homolog gene family member C (RhoC) is a GTPase involved in cell migration, implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and treatment resistance and metastasis of cancer. For example, RhoC has been shown to be involved in resistance to radiation in cervical carcinoma. Here, the effect of X-ray irradiation on RhoC expression in prostate cancer (PCa) xenografts was investigated in both xenog
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between transplantation rate per center and postoperative mortality after heart transplantation. In 2011, Sweden centralized heart transplants and waiting lists, reducing the number of centers from 3 to 2. We aimed to assess the active waiting time and pre- and post-transplant mortality before and after centralization.METHODS: Heart tra
Natural killer (NK) cells represent the cytotoxic member within the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family that are important against viral infections and cancer. Although the NK cell emergence from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells through multiple intermediate stages and the underlying regulatory gene network has been extensively studied in mice, this process is not well characterized in humans
The importance of phosphorus (P) in regulating ecosystem responses to climate change has fostered P-cycle implementation in land surface models, but their CO2 effects predictions have not been evaluated against measurements. Here, we perform a data-driven model evaluation where simulations of eight widely used P-enabled models were confronted with observations from a long-term free-air CO2 enrichm
