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BACKGROUND: Recipient age and donor age are well-known prognostic factors in adult heart transplantation. However, the association between donor age and recipient age and their interaction and short- and long-term mortality is unknown. METHODS: We studied 64,354 heart transplants to adult recipients between 1988 and 2013 in the ISHLT Registry. Donor age and recipient age were analyzed as continuou

In Europe, Scandinavia holds the largest concentration of rock art (i.e. petroglyphs), created c. 5000–first century bc, many of them showing figurative and seemingly narrative representations. In this paper, we will discuss possible narratological approaches applied to these images. We might reasonably distinguish between three levels of pictorial narrativity: representations of (i) single events

The digitalization that currently is taking place in healthcare raises questions about how this development, with visions of more patient participation and patient empowerment, changes this sector and what role eHealth can play in these changes. The term civic health technologies (Invånartjänster) is used in Sweden to describe eHealth in the healthcare sector that is developed and deployed by the

Background: For BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, the association between oral contraceptive preparation (OCP) use and breast cancer (BC) risk is still unclear.Methods: Breast camcer risk associations were estimated from OCP data on 6030 BRCA1 and 3809 BRCA2 mutation carriers using age-dependent Cox regression, stratified by study and birth cohort. Prospective, left-truncated retrospective and fu

Diffusion encoding along multiple spatial directions per signal acquisition can be described in terms of a b-tensor. The benefit of tensor-valued diffusion encoding is that it unlocks the 'shape of the b-tensor' as a new encoding dimension. By modulating the b-tensor shape, we can control the sensitivity to microscopic diffusion anisotropy which can be used as a contrast mechanism; a feature that

Probing the cellular structure of in vivo biological tissue is a fundamental problem in biomedical imaging and medical science. This work introduces an approach for analyzing diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data acquired by the novel tensor-valued encoding technique for characterizing tissue microstructure. Our approach first uses a signal model to estimate the variance and skewness of the di

Diffusion tensor imaging provides increased sensitivity to microstructural tissue changes compared to conventional anatomical imaging but also presents limited specificity. To tackle this problem, the DIAMOND model subdivides the voxel content into diffusion compartments and draws from diffusion-weighted data to estimate compartmental non-central matrix-variate Gamma distributions of diffusion ten

For classical tomography, it is essential that the sample does not change during the acquisition of one tomographic rotation. We derived and successfully implemented a tomographic reconstruction method, which relaxes this requirement of quasistatic samples. In the present paper, dynamic tomographic data sets are decomposed in the temporal domain by projecting to a lower dimensional subspace of bas

The vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism is probably the most versatile method to fabricate semiconductor nanowires and several investigations assume a compositionally homogeneous catalyst particle. In this investigation we address the compositional homogeneity of the catalyst particle during growth of nanowires. Using diffusion calculations, we show that the particle is indeed homogeneous during VL

Environmental research infrastructures are often built on a large number of distributed observational or experimental sites, run by hundreds of scientists and technicians, financially supported and administrated by a large number of institutions. It becomes very important to acknowledge the data sources and their providers. There is also a strong need for common data citation tracking systems that

In this paper, we present a robust multipath-based localization and mapping framework that exploits the phases of specular multipath components (MPCs) using a massive multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) array at the base station. Utilizing the phase information related to the propagation distances of the MPCs enables the possibility of localization with extraordinary accuracy even with limited ba

BACKGROUND: Owing to the large variation in treatment response among patients with high-risk prostate cancer, it would be of value to use objective tools to monitor the status of bone metastases during clinical trials. Automated Bone Scan Index (aBSI) based on artificial intelligence has been proposed as an imaging biomarker for the quantification of skeletal metastases from bone scintigraphy.OBJE

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common bacterial infections in humans and the majority are caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Abundant evidence indicates that nitric oxide (NO) produced by the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in host defense against infection. This thesis examines iNOS expression in experimental UTI models. The rat and pig bladder urothelium

MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of white matter integrity in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia have consistently shown involvement of frontal and temporal white matter, corresponding to regional loss of cortical volume. Volumetric imaging has a suboptimal sensitivity as a diagnostic tool and thus we wanted to explore if DTI is a better method to discriminate patients and contro

Popular Abstract in Swedish Intag av födoämnesantigen resulterar normalt i induktion av oral tolerans, men klinisk och immunologisk betydelse av kortvarig neonatal exponering för komjölksproteiner är inte klarlagt. Syftet med detta arbete var att studera prospektivt effekten av olika uppfödningsregimen under de tre första levnadsdagarna. Påverkan på makromolekylär absorption, antikropps produktionThe aim of this work was to study prospectively the effects of different feeding regimens during the first three days of life. A group of 129 infants were randomly assigned at birth to one of three feeding regimens: human milk (HM), cow's milk formula (CMF), or a casein hydrolysate formula (CHF). The formula-fed infants received no human milk until the fourth day of life, after which all infants w

Diffusion MRI is a useful probe of tissue microstructure. The conventional diffusion encoding sequence, the single pulsed field gradient, has recently been challenged as more general gradient waveforms have been introduced. Out of these, we focus on q-space trajectory imaging, which generalizes the scalar b-value to a tensor valued entity. To take full advantage of its capabilities, it is imperati