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The enhancement of the electromagnetic field elicited by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is conducive to the generation of charge carriers, which have an important effect in driving many kinds of chemical reactions. Nonetheless, the short lifespan of charge carriers generated by plasmon (typically femtoseconds to nanoseconds) limits their effectiveness in promoting chemical reactions. H
Palladium hydrides are promising systems for hydrogen sensors and hydrogen storage, making the study of hydride formation in nanoparticles highly relevant. Lately, such studies have often been performed in situ or operando using synchrotron radiation of increasingly high intensity and brilliance. While beam-induced effects are well documented in liquid environments, they are rarely considered in t
Heart transplantation (HT) is a life saving procedure, but a limited donor supply forces the surgeons to prioritize the recipients. The understanding of factors that predict mortality could help the doctors with this task. The objective of this study is to find locally optimal feature sets to predict survival of HT patients for different time periods. To this end, we applied logistic regression to
Purpose: The evidence from the literature regarding the association of dietary factors and risk of prostate cancer is inconclusive. Methods: A nutrient-wide association study was conducted to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the associations between 92 foods or nutrients and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox proportio
Monitoring time-dependence with diffusion MRI yields observables sensitive to compartment sizes (restricted diffusion) and membrane permeability (water exchange). However, restricted diffusion and exchange have opposite effects on the diffusion-weighted signal, which can lead to errors in parameter estimates. In this work, we propose a signal representation that incorporates the effects of both re
To evaluate the diagnostic yield of the ECG criteria for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a large cohort of emergency department chest pain patients, and to determine whether extended ECG criteria or reciprocal ST depression can improve accuracy. Design: Observational, register-based diagnostic study on the accuracy of ECG criteria for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Between Jan 2010 and
E-commerce is a complex societal challenge with an enormous potential to contribute to sustainable development. In order to capture this potential and transform e-commerce into a sustainable system requires radical change. But which areas are in need of change in order to achieve a grand effect and what key issues must addressed?
Neurodegenerative diseases have traditionally been defined in vivo based on clinical symptoms. However, the development of biomarkers has enabled a shift towards in vivo biological definitions. There is now a need to characterize memory clinic populations using multi-dimensional biomarker information. Here, we employed a data-driven approach to develop a biological framework for categorizing indiv
Offshore wind farms (OWFs) pose a potential threat to migratory birds, either as a barrier or as a result of lethal collisions. We aimed to demonstrate the temporal and spatial frames for potential mitigation measures for a rare and protected species. We analysed 74 autumn migration tracks for 65 GPS-tagged Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) through an area with operating and planned OWFs. On thei
During land model development, simulated carbon dynamics are often benchmarked against observational data sets to evaluate model performance. Functional relationship benchmarks are the relationship between a driving variable (e.g., temperature) and a response variable (e.g., ecosystem respiration) and are a promising tool for assessing model performance by evaluating modeled sensitivities to chang
Large-scale stratiform clouds are widespread and dominate the Earth's radiation budget. Their radiative and microphysical properties are inseparable, depending on ambient aerosol conditions and on properties of any convective outflow. In the Community Atmospheric Model, version 6 (CAM6), large-scale clouds were originally treated two decades ago with a two-moment bulk microphysics approach. Since
Duplicative horizontal gene transfer may bring two previously separated homologous genes together, which may raise questions about the interplay between the gene products. One such gene pair is the “native” PgiC1 and “foreign” PgiC2 in the perennial grass Festuca ovina. Both PgiC1 and PgiC2 encode cytosolic phosphoglucose isomerase, a dimeric enzyme whose proper binding is functionally essential.
We created a system to simulate the heart allocation process in a transplant queue, using a discrete event model and a neural network algorithm, which we named the Lund Deep Learning Transplant Algorithm (LuDeLTA). LuDeLTA is utilized to predict the survival of the patients both in the queue and after transplant. We tried four different allocation policies: wait time, clinical rules and allocating
The search for new cancer biomarkers is essential for fundamental research, diagnostics, as well as for patient treatment and monitoring. Whereas most cancer biomarkers are biomolecules, an increasing number of studies show that mechanical cues are promising biomarker candidates. Although cell deformability has been shown to be a possible cancer biomarker, cellular forces as cancer biomarkers have
There is significant interest from the medical andneuroscience communities for studying the behavior of zebrafishlarvae, particularly in the context of drug testing. In this paper, wepropose a method for analyzing the behavior of zebrafish larvaein a high-throughput system using automatic image analysis.Specifically, algorithms for estimating the poses of the larvae invideo recordings are presente
Map mashups, as a common way of presenting geospatial information on the Web, are generally created by spatially overlaying thematic information on top of various base maps. This simple overlay approach often raises geometric deficiencies due to geometric uncertainties in the data. This issue is particularly apparent in a multi-scale context because the thematic data seldom have synchronised level
Deep learning has the potential to drastically increase the accuracy and efficiency of prostate cancer diagnosis, which would be of uttermost use. Today the diagnosis is determined manually from H&E stained specimens using a light microscope. In this paper several different approaches based on convolutional neural networks for prostate cancer classification are presented and compared, using th
In this study, the processes behind observed new particle formation (NPF) events and subsequent organic-dominated particle growth at the Pallas Atmosphere-Ecosystem Supersite in Northern Finland are explored with the one-dimensional column trajectory model ADCHEM. The modeled sub-micron particle mass is up to ∼75 % composed of SOA formed from highly oxidized multifunctional organic molecules (HOMs
