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In this paper, we have studied the sensitivity of the ESSnuSB far detector to supernova neutrinos. ESSnuSB is a proposed long-baseline neutrino experiment in Sweden, which will use a 538 kt water Cherenkov detector to probe the leptonic phase δCP by studying the second oscillation maximum. However, given the very large detector volume, it will have an excellent sensitivity to supernova neutrinos i
The first generation of medical artificial intelligence (AI) was judged on whether algorithms could match clinicians. The next generation should be judged on whether carefully designed human–AI systems can improve patient outcomes.
This thesis investigates the use of performance bounds in radar signal processing, with particular emphasis on the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) and its misspecified and Bayesian variants, the MCRB and the BCRB. These bounds characterize fundamental limits on estimation accuracy and can therefore be used to assess the performance attainable under a given signal model. However, they can also be used prosp
Background: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas (ASCP) is a rare and aggressive subtype of pancreatic cancer with a dismal prognosis. Futility in ASCP has been inadequately studied. The aim is to assess the incidence of futility in ASCP cases within a European cohort. Methods: Retrospective, multicenter European study including all consecutive patients who underwent surgery for ASCP between 20
We address how surface topology controls the multiscale flow alignment of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions using a single in-situ experiment that combines rheology, polarized light imaging (PLI), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Across a series of azetidinium-based dialkyl linker topologies, we resolve the propagation of alignment from the mesoscale (PLI) to the nanoscale (SAXS). Wh
At MAX IV pixelated area detectors are operated at high frame rates to take advantage of the X-ray beam properties available from the fourth generation synchrotron in scattering, diffraction and imaging applications. A variety of photon counting and charge integrating detectors and sCMOS cameras have been integrated into a common data acquisition (DAQ) system in which data are streamed to a centra
In an internet age when a viral sensationalist story gains far more traction than a nuanced and balanced discussion, we have become used to some politicians, media and web-based influencers bending the truth to create a misguided or distorted narrative that many people unquestioningly believe. This should never happen in science, but even here standards are sadly deteriorating. In my editorial I w
Context. The present-day spatial and kinematic distribution of stars in the Milky Way provides key constraints on its internal dynamics and evolutionary history. However, identifying the correct tracers that highlight the mechanisms is far from straightforward. The best probes are stars that stand out in terms of kinematics, chemistry, or age compared to the underlying population to which they bel
TiSe2 has long been considered one of the best candidate materials to host the elusive excitonic insulator (EI) phase. However, a finite coupling to the lattice can generically be expected, while a lack of "smoking-gun"signatures for the importance of the electron-hole interaction in driving the phase transition has rendered it challenging to distinguish the EI from the conventional charge-density
Construction with timber is becoming increasingly popular, partially due to its environmental benefits in comparison to steel and concrete. This is especially true for cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels an engineered wood product consisting of stacked timber lamellae oriented perpendicu-larly to each other. CLT panels have high stiffness in comparison to its mass, which leads to a sensitivity to
Radicalization is most often seen as a gradual process that may or may not lead to radical or extreme behaviors such as terrorism. Theories on the radicalization process often highlight the potential role of social exclusion in the propensity for radicalization. We here present some of the major radicalization theories and discuss exclusion as a common denominator that could trigger a radicalizati
DNA replication relies on precise coordination between proteins, including the sliding clamp proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which encircles DNA to interact with key players in replication and repair. While biochemical studies have demonstrated interactions between PCNA and DNA polymerases δ and ε during DNA synthesis, the functional role of the Pol ε–PCNA interaction in vivo, particula
People often draw inferences from sequences of past performance, sometimes perceiving patterns even in random outcomes. This has fueled debates regarding phenomena such as the hot hand and gambler’s fallacies. With the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems for forecasting and decision support, it becomes important to understand how people form beliefs from sequences of outcomes attri
Research on episodic memory shows that people often direct their gaze toward locations where goal-relevant information was originally encoded, even in the absence of visual input. This “looking-at-nothing” (LAN) behavior has been demonstrated to strengthen maintenance of visuospatial configurations (Olsen et al., 2014; Wynn et al., 2018), enhance the accuracy and fidelity of episodic recall (Johan
Context. Despite the ever-increasing number of known exoplanets, no uncontested detections have been made of their satellites, known as exomoons. Aims. The quest to find exomoons is at the forefront of exoplanetary sciences. Certain space-born instruments are thought to be suitable for this purpose. We show the progress made with the CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite (CHEOPS) in this field using
Aims. We aim to refine the fundamental parameters of the TOI-2141 planetary system, which includes a transiting sub-Neptune orbiting a Sun-like star on a relatively long orbit of 18.26 days, by combining new photometric and spectroscopic observations. Methods. We analyzed new space-based photometry from TESS and CHEOPS, as well as 61 radial velocity measurements from HARPS-N. We performed individu
