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BACKGROUND: Growing evidence show that long term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of dementia. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between PM2.5 exposure and dementia in a low exposure area, and to investigate the role of olfaction and the APOE ɛ4 allele in these associations. METHODS: Data were drawn from the Betula project, a longitudinal study on aging,

Cell fate reprogramming of adult cells towards pluripotency or unrelated somatic cell-types has been explored in the context of regenerative medicine. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) specialized in the recognition, processing and presentation of antigens to T-cells, inducing adaptive immunity. In particular, the mouse conventional DCs type 1 (cDC1) subset or

PURPOSE: Epinephrine is used in local anesthetics to induce vasoconstriction and thus reduce bleeding and prolong the anesthetic effect. Finding the optimal delay between the administration of the anesthetic and skin incision to ensure vasoconstriction and minimize bleeding is important and has recently become the subject of debate. This is the first study to assess blood perfusion and oxygen satu

Surface guidance systems enable patient positioning and motion monitoring without using ionising radiation. Surface Guided Radiation Therapy (SGRT) has therefore been widely adopted in radiation therapy in recent years, but guidelines on workflows and specific quality assurance (QA) are lacking. This ESTRO-ACROP guideline aims to give recommendations concerning SGRT roles and responsibilities and

BACKGROUND: SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP4 inhibitors have been suggested to affect lipid metabolism. However, there are few randomized controlled trials comparing the effects on the lipid metabolism between the two types of antidiabetic drugs. The SUCRE study (UMIN ID: 000018084) was designed to compare the effects of ipragliflozin and sitagliptin on serum lipid and apolipoprotein profiles and other c

BACKGROUND: LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons are a notable endogenous source of mutagenesis in mammals. Notably, cancer cells can support unusual L1 retrotransposition and L1-associated sequence rearrangement mechanisms following DNA damage. Recent reports suggest that L1 is mobile in epithelial tumours and neural cells but, paradoxically, not in brain cancers.RESULTS: Here, using retrotransposon capt

Grief is a normal reaction after the death of a loved one. Death rituals are an integral part of the mourning processes. Not being able to carry out death rituals can affect relatives' quality of life. The aim was to evaluate death rituals during COVID-19 and their association with relatives' quality of life. In a Swedish nation-wide study relatives to persons who died during the COVID-19-pandemic

In actin from many species H73 is methylated, but the function of this rare post-translational modification is unknown. Although not within bonding distance, it is located close to the gamma-phosphate of the actin-bound ATP. In most crystal structures of actin, the delta1-nitrogen of the methylated H73 forms a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl of G158. This hydrogen bond spans the gap separating sub

BACKGROUND: After amputation, the sensorimotor cortex reorganizes, and these alterations might influence motor functions of the remaining extremities.OBJECTIVE: The authors examined how amputation of the dominant or nondominant upper or lower extremity alters deftness in the intact limbs.METHODS: The participants were 32 unilateral upper- or lower-extremity amputees and 6 controls. Upper-extremity

BACKGROUND: We investigated ophthalmological outcomes at 2.5 years of corrected age in children born extremely preterm (EPT) to evaluate the effects of postnatal enteral supplementation with ω-3 and ω-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.METHODS: In the Mega Donna Mega clinical trial, EPT infants born at less than 28 weeks of gestation were randomized to receive an enteral supplementation of d

BACKGROUND: Humans differ in the metabolism of the neurotoxicant methyl mercury (MeHg). This variation may be partially due to variation in genes encoding the transcription factor Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-Associated Protein 1 (KEAP1), which regulate glutathione and related transporter and antioxidant proteins that play a role in the metabo

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide studies of gene-environment interactions (G×E) may identify variants associated with disease risk in conjunction with lifestyle/environmental exposures. We conducted a genome-wide G×E analysis of ~ 7.6 million common variants and seven lifestyle/environmental risk factors for breast cancer risk overall and for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer.METHODS: Analyse

Twenty toluene-exposed rotogravure printers, without signs of solvent-induced toxic encephalopathy, had lower median plasma levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (3.2 vs. 4.9 IU/L; p = .02) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (6.4 vs. 7.2 IU/L; p = .05) and also lower serum levels of free testosterone (7.8 vs. 86.8 pmol/L; p = .05), respectively, than 44 unexposed referents. The individual time-we

Healthy regeneration of tissue relies on a well-orchestrated release of growth factors. Herein, we show the use of synthetic glycosaminoglycans for controlled binding and release of growth factors to induce a desired cellular response. First, we screened glycosaminoglycans with growth factors of interest to determine kon (association rate constant), koff (dissociation rate constant), and Kd (equil

A sensitive and rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for simultaneous quantitation of free and IgA-complexed human protein HC was developed with monoclonal murine antibodies. The total amount of protein HC (free plus IgA-complexed) was measured by a competitive procedure while the protein HC-IgA complex was quantitated by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The amount of free protein HC was then obt